This article examines, from among public administration and allied literature spanning over one hundred years, how "race" (both as fact and artifact) has shaped and similarly been shaped by scholarly output serving public administration. The paper finds that race and administrative inquiry and praxis in America have co-aligned, and entangled, since the inception of public administration. Their relevance, each for the other, is determined here to be lasting and profound. .Those of us concerned with administration will need, I think, more often to look outward rather than inward, however much we need to know more about organization and administration "in a strict sense."Dwight Waldo (1971b)
This article criticizes recent proposals for covert government operations against conspiracy-theory groups and networks. The article argues that fear of secret plots by political insiders is intrinsic to America's civic culture, legal traditions, and political institutions. The appropriate government response to conspiracy theories is not to try to silence mass suspicions but instead to establish procedures for ensuring that suspicious events are thoroughly and credibly investigated. As it stands, investigations of assassinations, defense failures, election breakdowns, and other political events with grave implications for America and the world fail to meet basic standards for transparency, independence, and objectivity.
This article analyzes U.S. vulnerabilities to state crimes against democracy (SCADs). SCADs are actions or inactions by government insiders intended to manipulate democratic processes and undermine popular sovereignty. Watergate and Iran-Contra are well-known examples of SCADs involving top officials. SCADs in high office are difficult to detect and successfully prosecute because they are usually complex and compartmentalized; investigations are often compromised by conflicts of interests; and powerful norms discourage speculation about corruption in high office. However, liberal democracies can reduce their vulnerability to state political criminality by identifying vulnerabilities proactively and instituting policies for SCAD detection and prevention.
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