Law. His research interests include economic regulations, competition, and innovation, with a particular focus on public choice and the economics of government favoritism. Koopman received his JD from Ave Maria University and his LLM in law and economics from George Mason University. † Matthew Mitchell is a senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, where he is the program director for the Project for the Study of American Capitalism. He is also an adjunct professor of economics at George Mason University. He specializes in economic freedom and economic growth, public-choice economics, and the economics of government favoritism toward particular businesses. Mitchell has testified before the U.S. Congress and his articles have been featured in numerous national media outlets. He served from August 2010 to June 2014 on the Joint Advisory Board of Economists for the Commonwealth of Virginia. Mitchell received his PhD and MA in economics from George Mason University. ‡ Adam Thierer is a senior research fellow with the Technology Policy Program at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. He specializes in technology, media, Internet, and free-speech policies, with a particular focus on online safety and digital privacy. His latest book is Permissionless Innovation: The Continuing Case for Comprehensive Technological Freedom. Thierer is a frequent guest lecturer, has testified numerous times on Capitol Hill, and has served on several distinguished online safety task forces, including Harvard University's Internet Safety Technical Task Force and the federal government's Online Safety Technology Working Group. He received his MA in international business management and trade theory at the University of Maryland. § The Authors would like to thank Veronique de Rugy, Daniel Rothschild, and an anonymous reviewer for numerous helpful comments.

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The use of targeted economic development incentives-or selective financial and regulatory incentives to encourage particular firms to relocate or expand-has proliferated in recent decades. However, the relationship between these targeted incentives and another approach to economic development, economic freedom, has not been studied. This article reviews several new studies assessing this relationship, and provides a review of academic literature evaluating how targeted incentives affect communities as a whole, including those firms and industries not receiving subsidies from government. It concludes by discussing areas for future work.

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