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It is important to know about overweight and obesity situation of Brazilian children and adolescents. The present study aims to update scientific production, through a systematic review, on the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in Brazilian children and adolescents. Nine databases were verified, and 1,316 references were examined from 2018 to 2019. The electronic search was conducted by three independent researchers. All review steps followed a strategy based on PRISMA. 40 studies were included in this systematic review. Most studies use the World Health Organization classification criteria. The prevalence of overweight in Brazilian children and adolescents varies from 8.8% to 22.2% (boys: 6.2% to 21%; girls: 6.9% to 27.6%). The prevalence of obesity varied from 3.8% to 24% (boys: 2.4% to 28.9%; girls: 1.6% to 19.4%). It was observed that the socioeconomic factors (sex, skin color, economic level, region, mother's educational level, living in a rented house and without access to the internet), hereditary/genetic (family history of dyslipidemia and overweight and rs9939609 genotype) and behavioral (physical activity, screen time, eating habits, perceived body weight, health vulnerability, presence of a result close to home, alcoholic beverages, cigarette consumption) were associated with the outcome. It is concluded that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Brazilian children and adolescents are worrisome and most of the factors associated with the outcomes are subject to change from the adoption of a healthy lifestyle.

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Objetivo: Analisar quais indicadores antropométricos melhor predizem a pressão arterial elevada (PAE) em adolescentes. Método: Participaram 202 escolares (51,5% do sexo masculino). Foram coletadas medidas antropométricas de massa corporal, estatura e perímetro da cintura e aferida a pressão arterial (sistólica e diastólica). Utilizou-se a área sob a curva ROC para verificar o poder diagnóstico dos indicadores antropométricos - índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro da cintura (PerC), razão cintura/estatura (RCE) e índice de conicidade (ÍndiceC) - na PAE, além dos respectivos valores de sensibilidade e especificidade. Resultados: No sexo feminino o ÍndiceC, com ponto de corte de 1,06, foi o melhor preditor da PAE. No sexo masculino IMC, PerC e RCE, com pontos de corte de 22,1 kg/ m², 67,5cm e 0,44cm, respectivamente, são possíveis preditores da PAE, com destaque para o PerC. Conclusões: O ÍndiceC para o sexo feminino e o PerC para o sexo masculino foram os indicadores antropométricos mais indicados na predição da PAE.