The goal of the current work was to create an antibacterial agent by using polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CH) nanofibers loaded with Cordia myxa fruit extract (CMFE) as an antimicrobial agent for wound dressing. Several characteristics, including morphological, physicomechanical, and mechanical characteristics, surface wettability, antibacterial activity, cell viability, and in vitro drug release, were investigated. The inclusion of CMFE in PCL/CH led to increased swelling capability and maximum weight loss. The SEM images of the PCL/CH/CMFE mat showed a uniform topology free of beads and an average fiber diameter of 195.378 nm. Excellent antimicrobial activity was shown towards Escherichia coli (31.34 ± 0.42 mm), Salmonella enterica (30.27 ± 0.57 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (21.31 ± 0.17 mm), Bacillus subtilis (27.53 ± 1.53 mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.17 ± 0.12 mm) based on the inhibition zone assay. The sample containing 5 wt% CMFE had a lower water contact angle (47 ± 3.7°), high porosity, and high swelling compared to the neat mat. The release of the 5% CMFE-loaded mat was proven to be based on anomalous non-Fickian diffusion using the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Compared to the pure PCL membrane, the PCL-CH/CMFE membrane exhibited suitable cytocompatibility on L929 cells. In conclusion, the fabricated antimicrobial nanofibrous films demonstrated high bioavailability, with suitable properties that can be used in wound dressings.

A total of 218 halophilic bacterial isolates were obtained from Lake Razazah, west of Karbala, Iraq. Optimum pH and temperature were 7.5 and 37 °C, respectively. According to optimal growth at different salt concentration, the slightly halophilic bacteria were the most abundant isolates with the frequency of 68%. The isolated bacteria were screened for the production of extracellular amylase, alkaline amylase, protease, alkaline protease, lipase, alkaline lipase, pectinase and cellulase. The production of pectinase (55.8%), amylase (52.6%) and lipase (50.0%) were observed in almost half of the halophilic bacteria. Alkaline amylase and alkaline lipase production were reported in less than one third (30%) of isolates. Phylogenetic analysis16S rRNA sequences indicated that all isolates were members of eight genera of the domain Bacteria, including Bacillus, Halobacillus, Virgibacillus, Oceanobacillus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Idiomarina and Halomonas. The predominant commercial enzymes producers in current study were Halobacillus sp. K51 and Halomonas sp. K46 with the ability to produce 7 out of 8 exoenzymes. The presented data shows that despite drought, dehydration, increased concentrations of salt and contaminants, Lake Razazah represents an untapped source of halophilic bacteria biodiversity.

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important bacteria that cause food poisoning and disease in humans and herds. Milk and milk products are important part of the human diet also support the growth of pathogenic organisms. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus in different kinds of dairy products of Ahvaz Province.460 dairy product samples randomly were collected from Ahvaz Province. The samples were analyzed for the presence of S. aureus. Positive samples screened by microbiological tests.DNA extracted from all isolates and the PCR carried out using specific primers for S. aureus. The results indicated that 127 (27.61%) of dairy samples were contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus (curd 24.5%, dough 19%, butter and cream 14.5%, yogurt 12.5%, cheese10%, milk 5%).High prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus contamination in milk and milk products of Ahvaz suggests that more control measures should be applied during dairy production. The obtained results are useful for designing strategic plans of prevention and control program against Staph. aureus in dairy ecosystem.

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