RESUMO:Os fi toterápicos são utilizados por automedicação ou por prescrição médica e a maior parte não tem o seu perfi l tóxico bem conhecido. Atualmente estão incorporados aos vários Programas de Fitoterapia como opção terapêutica efi caz e pouco custosa. A importância da inclusão dos fi toterápicos nos programas de farmacovigilância vem sendo reconhecida nos últimos anos por vários países da Europa, como Reino Unido e Alemanha, onde várias plantas foram submetidas à farmacovigilância e muitas delas foram retiradas do mercado devido a importantes efeitos tóxicos e risco para uso humano. O aumento no número de reações adversas reportado é possivelmente justifi cado pelo aumento do interesse populacional pelas terapias naturais observado nas últimas décadas. A farmacovigilância de plantas medicinais e fi toterápicos é uma preocupação emergente e através do sistema internacional será possível identifi car os efeitos indesejáveis desconhecidos, quantifi car os riscos e identifi car os fatores de riscos e mecanismos, padronizar termos, divulgar experiências, entre outros, permitindo seu uso seguro e efi caz.Unitermos: Farmacovigilância, reações adversas, fi toterápicos, plantas medicinais.ABSTRACT: "Pharmacovigilance and adverse reactions to the medicinal plants and herbal drugs: a reality". The herbal drugs are used by self-medication or by medical prescription and most of them do not have their toxic profi le well know. Currently they are incorporate to the Phytotherapy Programs as an effective and little expensive therapeutic option. The importance of the inclusion of the herbal drugs in the pharmacovigilance programs has been recognized in the last years by several countries from Europe, like United Kingdom and Germany, where several plants were submitted to pharmacovigilance and many of them were removed from the market due to important toxic effects and risk for human use. The pharmacovigilance of medicinal plants and herbal drugs is an emergent concern and through the international system it will be possible to identify the ignored undesirable effects, to quantify the risks and to identify the risks factors and mechanisms, to standardize terms, to publish experiences, etc., allowing their safe and effective use.

No abstract

Background: Early childhood caries is a sugar-dependent disease with multifactorial modulating factors affecting deciduous dentition. It is defined as the presence of at least one decayed tooth, absence of a tooth due to caries or the existence of a temporary restoration in a tooth in a child between zero and 71 months of age. No BRP varnish was found in intellectual property banks, therefore it was registered and deposited with patent number BR1020160190142. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the dose-response concentration of alcoholic extract of Brazilian red propolis (BRP), in the form of dental varnish, against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in children. Methods: Twenty-four children, aged between 36 and 71 months, of both genders and without caries, were selected to participate in this pilot study and grouped randomly into four groups to receive different concentrations of BRP varnish (1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%). The varnish was applied to the surface of all second deciduous molars. The antimicrobial activity was observed in saliva, which was collected in two phases: before applying the BRP varnish and after use. Results: There was microbiological reduction of S. mutans in the oral cavity of the children in all the tested concentrations. The highest percentage reduction of S. mutans was observed at the concentration of 2.5% (P = 0.0443). Conclusion: The BRP extract in the form of dental varnish has antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and constitutes a possible alternative in the prevention of dental caries.

This study provided scientific basis that Hymenaea courbaril presents potential antioxidant, myorelaxant and anti-inflammatory actions, which support its use in folk medicine to treat inflammatory airway diseases.

RESUMO:As plantas podem ser modelos para a síntese de um grande número de fármacos e no caso dos fitoterápicos fazem parte diretamente de sua composição. A Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos (PNPMF), de 2006, é considerada o marco regulatório da fitoterapia brasileira. O governo brasileiro desenvolveu ações para sua efetivação, entretanto seu avanço foi limitado por fatores tais como o conhecimento insuficiente dos profissionais de saúde sobre fitoterapia. A investigação exploratório-descritiva objetivou evidenciar as repercussões geradas pela PNPMF na graduação em saúde em um estado do Nordeste brasileiro. A fundamentação baseou-se em revisão de literatura sobre formação superior em saúde no Brasil, diretrizes curriculares nacionais, PNPMF, plantas medicinais em saúde pública e opiniões de grupos-chave da área. Utilizou-se uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, por meio da triangulação entre métodos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Políticas públicas. Plantas medicinais. Práticas pedagógicas. Avaliação da educação superior.

No abstract

Purpose. This study aimed to evaluate reports of patents for oral care formulations, based on Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis), deposited and granted in intellectual property banks. Methods. A survey was conducted through collection, treatment, and analysis of extracted information from patent reports selected. The documentary research was conducted in January 2021 on formulations with C. sinensis for dental applications, including since the first patent deposits until the current time. The risk of bias of clinical trials with these formulations was analyzed to verify the scientific evidence. The data extracted represent the distribution of the number of patents by banks, annual evolution of patent deposits, applicant of patents by country, distribution of patents according to International Patent Classification codes, and the types of patented products. Results. Data and information from 20 selected patents were extracted. The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) were the banks with the largest number of patents for products/formulations with C. sinensis for oral care applications with 7 (35%) and 6 (30%) patent registrations, respectively. Other banks did not provide patents related to the search. Patents of compositions were the largest with 14 filings, and the remainder of formulations are represented specially by mouthwashes and toothpastes. As for clinical application, 18 patents were filed as products with antimicrobial and antibiofilm action, while 2 patents are directed to the treatment of xerostomia. In general, the aspects of the studies of clinical efficacy pointed to a low risk of bias. Conclusion. The study pointed out a small number of products protected by patents for Camellia sinensis for oral care indication, highlighting mainly mouthwash compositions and formulations. In the methodological parameters of clinical trials carried out with the formulations, the majority pointed out a low risk of bias.

Conflito de interesses:Os autores declaram não haver nenhum interesse profissional ou pessoal que possa gerar conflito de interesses em relação a este manuscrito. Diagnóstico situacional das farmácias vivas no estado do CearáSituational diagnosis of existing healthy living pharmacies in the state of Ceará Diagnóstico situacional de las farmacias vivas existentes en el estado del Ceará Resumo O Programa Farmácias Vivas -FV foi criado em 1983 pelo professor Francisco José de Abreu Matos para garantir à população plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos com garantia de qualidade. Objetivou-se realizar um diagnóstico situacional das FV existentes no Ceará após o Decreto nº 30.016/2009. Pesquisa básica, descritiva, documental com abordagem quantitativa. Estudo realizado com dados dos 184 municípios cearenses. Os 116 documentos fornecidos pelo Horto Oficial e Horto Matriz foram coletados entre agosto/2015 a agosto/2016, gerados em banco de dados estruturado no programa Microsoft Excel-2016, analisados em números relativos, absolutos e análise descritiva. Foram encontrados registros de: 58 (56,3%) FV de natureza governamental, 28 (48,3%) classificadas como modelo I e 26 (44,8%) em inatividade; 26 (25,2%) FV não governamentais, 13 (50%) classificadas como modelo I e 9 (34,6%) em funcionamento; 15 (14,6%) FV instaladas em instituições de ensino superior, dessas, 10 (66,6%) classificadas no modelo I e 09 (60,1%) em atividade. Ao todo, foram encontrados registros de 99 (100%) FV, estando 42 (42,4%) em atividade. A maioria das FV está inserida no modelo I, de menor complexidade, o que pode estar relacionado à falta de recursos financeiros. As FV de natureza governamental apresentaram o maior número de unidades inativas o que pode ter sido provocado pela incapacidade dos órgãos públicos em se adequar às exigências do Decreto nº 30.016/2009. Percebe-se que o principal desafio que se impõe às FV é a falta de financiamento específico e permanente que garanta a expansão do programa e manutenção das unidades implantadas. AbstractThe Program Healthy Live Pharmacies (HLP) was created in 1983 by Professor Francisco José de Abreu Matos to ensure the population medicinal plants and herbal medicines with quality assurance. The objective of this study was to carry out a situational diagnosis of HLP in the state of Ceará after Decree 30.016 / 2009. Basic, descriptive, documentary research with a quantitative approach. The study was carried out with data referring to the 184 municipalities of Ceara. Data from the study were collected between August 2015 and August 2016. We analyzed 116 documents provided by the Official Horto and Matriz Horto. The data were generated in a database structured in the program Microsoft Excel-2016, analyzed in relative, absolute numbers and descriptive analysis. There were records of: There were records of: 58 (56.3%) HLP of governmental nature, 28 (48.3%) classified as model I, 43 (74.1%) held by the Municipal Secretariats of their respective municipalities and 26 (44.8%) in inactivity; 26 (25.2%) non-governmental ...