Fragaria is one of genus in Rosaceae family. The most popular representative is strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) and wild (woodland) strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.), which taste attributes are very attractive for a huge number of consumers around the world. The plants have many beneficial traits, such as low-caloric, high amount of antoxidants and vitamin C, laxative, diuretic, astringent, antidiarrheal and antiseptic properties. Cultivation of Fragaria plants is widespread worldwide with particular emphasis on moderate climate zone, also with use of a plant tissue culture method. This thesis showed and contrasted other studies about Fragaria plants propagation under in vitro conditions. In this method the most often used explants are leaf explants. Very rarely are used seeds. Mainly, the plants are propagated on basal medium of mineral composition by Murashige and Skoog in 8 hour dark and 16 hour light contidions. The most efficient cytokinin used to root induction is indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The plant acclimatization had varying effectiveness -from a few to several dozen survival percent. During micropropagation of Fragaria plants, somaclonal variation occurs, which is dependent on age culture, frequency of passage and medium composition.
The aim of the study was to develop optimum composition of plant growth regulators in media for the propagation and rooting of shoots of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) in in vitro cultures. Single-node shoot fragments obtained from plants propagated on MS medium were placed onto media supplemented with: BAP, 2iP and KIN at concentrations: 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mg∙dm-3, whereas at the rooting stage with addition of: IAA, IBA and NAA at concentrations 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg∙dm-3. The highest number of shoots and leaves was reported for plants propagated on MS medium enriched with 0.5 mg∙dm-3 BAP. The greatest number of the longest roots was developed by stevia on the MS medium enriched with 1 mg∙dm-3 IAA.
Streszczenie. Celem badań, przeprowadzonych w 2016 r. w Katedrze Fizjologii Roślin i Biochemii Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, była ocena wpływu egzogennej aplikacji kwasu 2-hydroksybenzoesowego (kwasu salicylowego) na wydajność aparatu fotosyntetycznego wierzby wiciowej rosnącej w warunkach podwyższonego stężenia soli. Pierwszym czynnikiem doświadczalnym było stężenie chlorku sodu (kontrola-pożywka pełna Hoaglanda, 3,0 g NaC l • dm-3) drugim czynnikiem-stężenie kwasu 3-hydroksybenzoesowego (kontrola-pożywka pełna, 138 mg • dm-3). Klon Tora dobrze tolerował krótki okres ekspozycji na zastosowane stężenie NaCl, o czym świadczą duże wartości takich wskaźników, jak wskaźnik witalności PSII (PI), wskaźnik Area oraz maksymalna potencjalna efektywność reakcji fotochemicznej w PSII, wyznaczona po adaptacji ciemniowej (FV/FM). Dłuższy okres ekspozycji roślin na zasolenie spowodował zmniejszenie u klonu Tora wartości parametru TFM (czasu wzrostu fluorescencji chlorofilu od początku pomiaru do osiągnięcia maksimum), u klonu 'Bjor' natomiast-PI oraz FV/FM. Aplikacja kwasu 2-hydroksybenzoesowego wywarła zróżnicowany wpływ na parametry indukcji fluorescencji chlorofilu "a" wierzby wiciowej rosnącej w warunkach stresu solnego. Zastosowanie kwasu 2-hydroksybenzoesowego, przy dłuższej ekspozycji roślin na podwyższone stężenie NaCl, zwiększyło wartości takich parametrów, jak TFM oraz FV/FM u klonu Bjor wierzby wiciowej; w przypadku klonu Tora zmniejszyło wartość wskaźnika PI.
Streszczenie. Wierzba wiciowa (Salix viminalis L.) jest gatunkiem należącym do tzw. roślin energetycznych, wykorzystywanych jako odnawialne źródło energii. W przeprowadzonych badaniach poddano ocenie wpływ niedoboru i nadmiaru fosforu oraz potasu na wybrane cechy fizjologiczne dwóch genotypów wierzby wiciowej klonów 'Bjor' oraz 'Tora', uprawianych metodą hydroponiczną. Celem badań był wybór genotypu bardziej odpornego na zakłócone stosunki troficzne w środowisku. Do pożywki pełnej Hoaglanda (kontrola) dodawano 20 i 40% fosforu lub potasu oraz zmniejszano w niej zawartość tych pierwiastków także o 20 i 40%. Określono liczbę pędów wytworzonych przez rośliny, długość i dynamikę wzrostu pędów, plon świeżej i suchej masy części nadziemnej oraz systemu korzeniowego, a także bilans wodny obu badanych klonów wierzby wiciowej. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, iż klon 'Tora' i 'Bjor' charakteryzują się podobną odpornością na zmienne warunki żywienia fosforem oraz potasem.
The aim of the work was to assess the impact of a varied level of soil contamination with lead and cadmium ions on selected physiological parameters of prairie cordgrass. The content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves (chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids) and water balance of plants on the basis of two indicators (RWC – relative water content in tissues and WSD – water saturation deficit) were determined. Pot-vegetative experiments were performed using a complete randomization method in a one-factor system. The factor in the first experiment was the level of soil contamination with lead (28.15, 56.30, 112.60 mg Pb · kg soil–1), in the second experiment – the level of soil contamination with cadmium (4.60, 10.00, 18.39 mg Cd · kg soil–1). The levels of soil contamination with lead did not influence the content of chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll in prairie cordgrass leaves. In the case of carotenoids, an increase in their content was demonstrated after introducing lead into the soil at the dose of 28.15 mg Pb · kg soil–1 compared to the control. Soil contamination with cadmium did not affect the content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of prairie cordgrass. The highest level of soil contamination with lead contributed to the reduction of chlorophyll b. Lead at doses of 56.30 and 112.60 mg · kg soil-1 caused deterioration in the water balance parameters of the prairie cordgrass. In the case of soil contamination with cadmium, this relationship was demonstrated only for the dose of 10.00 mg Cd · kg soil–1.
The aim of the study was to plasticize corn starch with two selected urea (U)-rich plasticizers: choline chloride (CC):U or betaine (B):U eutectic mixtures at a molar ratio of 1:5 with a presence of spent coffee grounds as a filler. The biomaterials were prepared via a solventless one-step extrusion method and then extrudates were thermoformed using compression molding into sheets. The materials were characterized using mechanical and sorption tests, TGA, DMTA and FTIR. Additionally, a study on the biodegradation and remaining nitrogen content in soil was conducted. For the first time, an influence on physiological state of growing plants of the materials presence in soil was investigated. The addition of the coffee filler slightly increased the mechanical properties and decreased the swelling degree of the materials. The DMTA results indicated that biocomposites were easily thermoformable and the high filler addition (20 pph per polymer matrix) did not affect the processability. According to the biodegradation test results, the materials disappeared in soil within ca. 70 days. The results from this study on the physiological state of growing plants revealed that the materials, especially plasticized with CCU, did not exhibit any toxic effect on the yellow dwarf bean. The percentage of total nitrogen in the soil substrate in comparison with the control increased indicating an effective release of nitrogen from the TPS materials into the substrate.
The genus Fragaria belongs to the Rosaceae family. The most popular representatives of this species are the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) and wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.), whose taste and health benefits are appreciated by a huge number of consumers. The cultivation of Fragaria plants is widespread around the world, with particular emphasis on the temperate climate zone. Increasingly occurring weather anomalies, including drought phenomena, cause immense losses in crop cultivation. The Fragaria plant species are very sensitive to drought, due to the shallow root system, large leaf area and the high water content of the fruit. There have been many studies on the influence of water deficit on the morphological, biochemical and physiological features of strawberries and wild strawberries. There is a lack of research summarizing the current state of knowledge regarding of specific species response to water stress. The aim of this study was to combine and compare data from many research carried out and indicate the direction of future research aimed at improving the resistance of Fragaria plants species to stress related to drought. These plants show patterns of response to stress caused by drought, such as: osmotic adjustment, reduction of transpiration and photosynthesis, and increased efficiency of water use. Drought also causes significant changes in the composition and palatability of the fruit of the Fragaria plant species.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.