Spirulina platensis is a unicellular microalgae that has high nutritional value such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and carotenoids like β-carotene. The microalgae rapidly grows in Bold Bassal Medium modification and high intensity of light. The aims of this research were to optimize the culture growth and determine antioxidant activity of S. platensis. Culture was optimized by adding urea and NaHCO3 I nto the medium and applying dark : light period (12:12 h/h) under solar or fluorescent light (3000 lux). The optimum growth of Spirulina platensis was in 0,3 g/L urea, pH 9 at fluoresense light (3000 lux). Antioxidant acivity of various spirulina extract was studied by 1,1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals scavenging method. The Spirulina radicals scavenging activity of acetone : methanol (1:1) extract was 46,39 %. The acetone:methanol (1:1) extract showed better antioxidant activity than acetone extract. The β-carotene was determined using HPLC in a silica gel column with dichloromethane, acetonitrile, methanol (20:70:10, v/v/v) as a mobile phase. The acetone extract displayed the highest sample area and produced 1.32% of β-carotene out of total biomass.

Ubi jalar yang berwarna ungu merupakan sumber antosianin yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan yaitu dapat menangkap radikal bebas, sehingga berperan untuk mencegah terjadinya penuaan, kanker, dan penyakit degeneratif. Pergeseran pola hidup masyarakat dari makanan tradisional menjadi makanan instan dan cepat saji dapat memicu atau menyebabkan terbentuknya radikal bebas, begitu juga peningkatan jumlah kendaraan yang dapat menyebabkan polusi udara rentan teroksidasi menjadi radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pengurangan antioksidan dan  antosianin pada pengolahan ubi jalar ungu ( tepung, sirup dan selai dari ubi kukus dan rebus). Ubi jalar yang digunakan adalah ubi jalar ungu lokal. Untuk penentuan uji antosianin digunakan metoda Spektrofotometri dan uji antioksidan dengan metoda DPPH dengan menentukan nilai Ic50. Proses pengolahan ubi ungu menurunkan kadar antioksidan dengan didapatkannya nilai IC50 yaitu ekstrak mentah sangat kuat (5,00 mg/L) dibandingkan kukus (47,82 mg/L) dan rebus (86,22 mg/L). Kadar antosianin ekstrak mentah lebih tinggi dari kukus dan rebus, proses pengolahan pembuatan sirup kukus kadar antosianin lebih tinggi dari selai dan tepung. Penurunan aktivitas antioksidan berbanding lurus dengan penurunan kadar total fenolik dan antosianin serta proses produk olahan dengan urutan mentah, kukus dan rebus

Objective: This study aims to investigate the potential of Scenedesmus dimorphus as a cure for aplastic anemia in mice (Mus musculus).Methods: Fifty male mice divided into five groups, mice suffering anemia due to induction of chloramphenicol. Oral administrated of S. dimorphus for 28 days with a dose of 2.5 g/50 ml, 5.0 g/50 ml, and 7.5 g/50 ml, respectively, to cure aplastic anemia in mice and samcobion as standard drug.Results: Induction of chloramphenicol caused the mice to suffering aplastic anemia and weight loss in mice. Biomass of S. dimorphus has an effect of against hematological parameters and total blood count estimation. The result shows significant (p<0.05 ANOVA) on weight gain, an increase of erythrocyte counts, and hemoglobin level, whereas an increase of hematocrit and reticulocyte values have non-significant, and a dose of S. dimorphus 5.0 g/50 ml were the treatment most effective for anemia in mice.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, S. dimorphus biomass has the healing benefit of aplastic anemia due to the administration of chloramphenicol.

In this research, cellulose from waste leaves are conversed into ethanol by SSF technology using cellulase from Trichoderma viride strain T1 sk. In saccharification process, cellulase breaks cellulase polymer into glucose. Simultaneously, the formed glucose is conversed into ethanol by invertase produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiaewhich is grew on YPD medium. Waste leaves are pretreatmented using basic solutions : basic NaOH 1 %, NH4OH 8 %, NaOH 1 % + NH4OH 4 % and NaOH 1 % + NH4OH 8 % with ratio of solid mather (sample) : liquid (basic solution) 1:10 (w/v) with volume of basic solution 100 mL. Immersion time is variated for 24, 48 and 72 hours on 50 0 C. The result of research shows that the use of NaOH 1% + NH4OH 4% gives the highest glucose concentration 933,75 µg/mL with immersion time for 72 hours on 50 0 C. After being pretreatmented, sample of 0,4 g waste leaves produce the highest glucose concentration. Measurement by GC/MS shows ethanol concentration 62,41% on fermentation time 96 hours with volume of ethanol 2,45 mL for 0,4 g sample.

Sago (Metroxylon sp) and umbi talas (Colocasia gigantea Hook F) are natural resources that are found in plantyfull Indonesian. However, these potencies are not yet processed to give an optimum value added product. Sago and taro are rich of starch, that could be fermented to form bioethanol for reneweable energy. The ethanol were produced by fermenting the hydrolized starch of sago and taro with yeast. The starch of sago and taro were hydrolized enzymaticly by α-amylase and glucoamylase. Sago and taro (15 g each) were grinded and hydrolized by α-amylase and then by glucoamylase at the variation of volume of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 mL for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours. The glucose produced was measured by Somogy-Nelson methods. The product of sago hydrolysis were optimum with 6 mL of α-amylase and 6 mL glucoamylase for 2 hours to give 59.11 g/L of reducing sugar. The product of taro with 6 mL α-amylase and 7 mL glucoamylase for 4 hours which gave 64.22 g/L of reducing sugar. The product of ethanol were analyzed by Gas Cromatography (GC). The maximum bioethanol production obtained optimum after 4 days fermentation of hydrolized sago starch and after 5 days fermentation of hydrolized taro starch which were 3.742% and 4.0123%.