The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high fat diet with or without grape juice during the pregnancy on gestational weight gain, biochemical parameters, and oxidative stress in plasma and liver from Wistar rats. Forty-nine rats were divided into four groups: control diet group (CD), high fat diet (HFD), grape juice and control diet (PGJCD), and grape juice and high fat diet (PGJHFD). During the treatment the weight gain of the rats was tracked. They had free access to their respective diets during 42 days of treatment. After offspring weaning, the mother rats were euthanized and blood and liver were collected. The high fat diet increased the total cholesterol and triglycerides serum levels as well as carbonyl levels in the liver, however this diet reduced the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and urea levels in serum. Grape juice consumption reduced gestational body weight gain. In liver, the juice consumption increased sulfhydryl levels and reduced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and TBARS level, in serum the consumption reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and TBARS. We can conclude that the consumption of a diet rich in fat can promotes harmful effects on health during pregnancy, however the consumption of grape juice seems to be an important alternative to prevent oxidative damages and to promote the improvement of health.

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This study evaluated the effect of lacosamide (LCM) on biochemical and mitochondrial parameters after PTZ kindling in mice. Male mice were treated on alternative days for a period of 11 days with LCM (20, 30, or 40 mg/kg), saline, or diazepam (2 mg/kg), before PTZ administration (50 mg/kg). The hippocampi were collected to evaluate free radicals, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the mitochondrial complexes I‐III, II, and II‐III, as well as Bcl‐2 and cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expressions. Hippocampi, blood, and bone marrow were collected for genotoxic and mutagenic evaluations. LCM 40 mg/kg increased latency and decreased percentage of seizures, only on the 3rd day of observation. The dose of 30 mg/kg only showed positive effects on the percentage of seizures on the 2nd day of observation. LCM decreased free radicals and SOD activity and the dose of 40 mg/kg were able to increase CAT activity. LCM 30 and 40 mg/kg improved the enzymatic mitochondrial activity of the complex I‐III and LCM 30 mg/kg improved the activity of the complex II. In the comet assay, the damage induced by PTZ administration was reduced by LCM 20 and 30 mg/kg. The dose of 20 mg/kg increased COX‐2 expression while the highest dose used, 40 mg/kg, was able to reduce this expression when compared to the group treated with LCM 20 mg/kg. Although LCM did not produce the antiepileptogenic effect in vivo, it showed the neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress, bioenergetic dysfunction, and DNA damage induced by the repeated PTZ administration.

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ResumoA Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma doença neurodegenerativa e progressiva, caracterizada por alterações comportamentais e cognitivas, apresenta como principais características neuropatológicas a presença de placas senis e emaranhados neurofibrilares. A presença de placas senis está relacionada com o metabolismo anormal da proteína precursora de amiloide (APP) e os emaranhados neurofibrilares são formados a partir da hiperfosforilação da proteína tau. O resveratrol, um potente antioxidante pertencente à família dos estilbenos, parece atuar como fator protetor na neurodegeneração da DA. O presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre o efeito protetor do resveratrol na DA, uma vez que não existe um tratamento efetivo para esta doença, portanto se necessita de uma busca de substâncias que poderiam ser adjuvantes terapêuticos nesta patologia. Palavras-chave:Resveratrol; Doença de Alzheimer; Antioxidantes. Protective Effect Of Resveratrol In Alzheimer's Disease AbstractAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative and progressive disease characterized by behavioral and cognitive changes and presents as major neuropathological features the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The presence of senile plaques is related to the abnormal metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and neurofibrillary tangles are formed from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein.Resveratrol, a potent antioxidant belonging to the family of stilbenes, seems to act as a protective factor in the neurodegeneration of AD. The present study aims to conduct a literature review on the protective effect of resveratrol in AD, since there is no effective treatment for this disease, so there is anecessity to search for substances that could be therapeutic adjuvants in this pathology. Keywords: Resveratrol; Alzheimer's disease; Antioxidants IntroduçãoA Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é reconhecida atualmente como uma das formas mais comuns de demência em todo o mundo. Nos países desenvolvidos aproximadamente uma em cada dez pessoas acima dos 65 anos sofre de uma forma de demência, números que aumentam para mais de um terço naqueles acima dos 85 anos (POVOVA et al., 2012). Embora as causas da DA ainda sejam debatidas, duas características patológicas são cruciais no diagnóstico da doença, são elas: a presença de placas senis e os emaranhados neurofibrilares, sendo que estes últimos são formados pela hiperfosforilação da proteína tau (CRESPO et al., 2014). Agentes infecciosos, metais como alumínio e zinco, espécies reativas de oxigênio e proteínas associados também apresentam relação com o surgimento da DA (BOLOGNIN et al., 2013;FROZZA et al., 2013). A procura de abordagens terapêuticas da doença focou-se em compostos que têm como alvo as vias das proteínas β-amiloide e da proteína tau, a neuroinflamação e o dano oxidativo (HONG-QI et al., 2012). Entretanto, até o momento só existem tratamentos paliativos para a doença, logo,a busca por novas terapias e adjuvantes terapêuticos tem sido alvo de diversas pesqu...

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