Se realizó un estudio fenomenológico con una metodología cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue describir las creencias de padres y madres acerca de la participación en la educación de los hijos. Se seleccionó por el método de casos típicos a 12 padres y 12 madres de una escuela primaria pública rural del sur de Sonora. Se encontró que los padres y madres consideran importante y participan en la educación de los hijos sólo en las dimensiones referidas a crianza y supervisión del aprendizaje en casa; no consideran las referidas a comunicación y apoyo a la escuela. Las madres evidencian formas más diversas y comprometidas de participación que los padres y mencionan dificultades y necesidades referidas a sí mismas como obstáculos para una participación efectiva. Se concluye que es necesario capacitar a los padres y madres para que adquieran una visión más amplia de las formas en que pueden participar en la educación de sus hijos.
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of family dynamics and the practices of teachers, in relation to the frequency with which the mothers reported to participate in activities related to the education of the children. For this purpose, an evaluation was carried out in four public primary schools of a municipality in the Northwest of Mexico, serving a population of low level economic income. As part of the study, 170 mothers were selected by means of a nonprobabilistic sampling. By using simple linear regression it was found that family dynamics, and the practices of teachers to involve the parents in education, explain a significant part (R 2 = .67) of mothers reporting participation in the education of the children. It was concluded that both variables exert a positive influence in the involvement of mothers in education.
The aim of the study was to determine whether IgG antibodies from patients on specific immunotherapy could inhibit skin test reactivity of allergens when mixed with them prior to testing. In a preliminary double-blind study, mite extracts were incubated with glycero-saline solution or non-specific IgG and used in testing 15 patients. Wheal and flare diameters produced with the two mite extracts did not differ significantly. In a second double-blind study with 15 other patients, skin tests using mite extracts incubated with either non-specific IgG or specific IgG showed significantly decreased diameters when mite extracts were preincubated with specific IgG. This result, in vivo, confirms the antigen neutralizing capacity of specific IgG demonstrated in vitro.
The purposes of the study consisted of describing the profiles of subgroups of the parents of high school students based on their participation in the education of their children and establish the relation of these profiles with the gender and level of studies of fathers and mothers. By using a simple random sampling, 374 parents of high school students were selected to participate; of these, 173 (46.2%) questionnaires were answered by fathers and 201 (53.7%) by mothers. By using a K-means cluster analysis, two subgroups of parents were identified and denominated by their participation as "Low Involvement" (n = 205) and "Moderate Involvement" (n = 169) respectively, which presented differences in all the types of participation evaluated. However, in both groups a similar profile was identified, which is characterized by a high participation in aspects related to education at home and a low level with regard to aspects concerning school management. Furthermore, a relationship was found between females and higher education, with a greater involvement in the education of children. It is concluded that diverse difficulties exist in families who participate within the school management.
El ciberacoso es un problema complejo que afecta el desarrollo psicosocial de los adolescentes. El presente estudio se propuso analizar las diferencias en variables personales, familiares, escolares y comunitarias de estudiantes con y sin conductas de ciberacoso. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 1,488 estudiantes de educación media superior de Sonora, 669 (45 por ciento) del sexo masculino (M edad=15.88, DE=2.20 años) y 819 (55 por ciento) del femenino (M edad=15.78, DE=2.22 años). Los resultados del modelo de regresión logística mostraron que la empatía, el apoyo parental, el apoyo docente y los activos de la comunidad disminuyen la probabilidad de ciberacoso, mientras que la violencia familiar y el acoso tradicional favorecen la ciberagresión. Esta información sugiere que la prevención del ciberacoso en la adolescencia debe incluir intervenciones enfocadas en promover el desarrollo socio-emocional y en fortalecer el apoyo social (parental, docente y comunitario) disponible para los adolescentes.
The present qualitative study aimed to understand teacher's beliefs about the benefits of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by the families of the students, and of the educational practices to encourage the use of ICT by parents. Interviews were conducted with 12 teachers from urban public elementary schools, eight women and four men, aged between 23 and 55 years. The information was analyzed with the inductive method. It was found that teachers consider that ICT use by families improves support for home learning, cultural capital of students, and communication with parents. Teachers believe that they encourage families to use ICT when they handle it to inform them about homework and school activities. It was concluded that the teachers consider that the management of ICT by the families favors the teaching process. However, their beliefs about practices that promote their use by families are limited. These findings suggest that while teachers are aware of the benefits of ICT, it is necessary to train them to favor a wider use of technologies by families.
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