The interplay between a tumor and its environment is exemplified by the morphological changes observed in the stroma of human breast cancer. These changes are evident as stromal desmoplastic reaction. This study evaluated the association of these stromal changes with Tumor size, Tumor grade and axillary node status. Histopathological evaluation showed marked correlation of desmoplastic reaction with higher grade and positive nodes were associated with immature desmoplastic reaction (p<0.05) however no association with tumor size was noted. In conclusion, stromal desmoplastic reaction can be potentially utilized to predict the grade and nodal status of patients. Therefore they can used as prognostic indicators and provide supplementary information regarding known adverse prognostic

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Background. Testicular tumours account for approximately 1-2 % of the total cancer cases in the male population globally and show higher incidence in the younger male age group of up to 15 years. The majority (~98 %) of testicular tumours are observed to be of the germ-cell origin which can either be of seminomatous type or non-seminomatous type. The non-seminomatous germ cell neoplasm may be pure or of mixed subtype. Objective was to emphasize the rare case of mixed germ cell teratomatous tumour of testis in adult man.Methods.  A mixed germ cell teratomatous tumour of testis comprising of yolk sac tumour and embryonal carcinoma in an adult Indian male is reported in the research.Results. A 45 year-old Indian male presented with enlargement of right testis which was found to be an encapsulated right testicular tumour on exploratory surgery which was followed by radical orchiectomy. Serum AFP and β-hCG levels were elevated to 380 ng/ml and 590 mg/ml respectively. Histopathology revealed a mixed germ cell teratomatous tumour of testis comprising of yolk sac tumour and embryonal carcinoma.Conclusions. In adults teratomas occur usually as a component of mixed germ cell tumours. However in the present case teratomatous embryoid yolk sac germ cell tumour of testis was observed in an Indian adult male. The prognosis of embryoid germ cell tumours of testis is generally poor. The possibility of this condition should always be considered in all cases that present with a testicular lump.

Hydatid disease (HD) is a commonly occurring zoonotic disease caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. It is endemic in many parts of the world and can involve almost any organ of the body. Although HD of the liver and lungs is quite common, ovarian involvement is rare. We present a case of a 24-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with multifocal hydatidosis involving the liver and bilateral ovaries on imaging. Postoperative histopathology confirmed the hydatid disease in the liver and one ovary. However, the cystic lesion in the other ovary turned out to be a borderline serous cystadenoma. This case highlights the limitation of imaging in differentiating between simple hydatid cysts and serous cystadenomas of the ovaries. Another point we learnt is that even in the presence of multifocal hydatidosis in endemic regions, serous cystadenoma needs to be considered in imaging differential diagnosis.

Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit is a rare benign ossifying fibro-proliferative lesion. The current case is about a 32 years old man who presented with a smooth soft tissue swelling on the distal part left thumb. Excision biopsy was performed and the histopathology depicted a circumscribed soft tissue swelling composed of randomly arranged plump fibroblasts with foci of bony trabeculae lined by osteoblasts. A fragment of cartilage and evidence of enchondral ossification was also present.

A young Indian female presented with a recurring tumor in the right breast masquerading as phyllodes tumor. Patient had history of five times excision and recurrences of the tumor, diagnosed as fibrous phyllodes of the breast. Presently, a well-circumscribed tumor of about 10 cm size, comprising of benign fibrous-angiomatous tissue with evidence of foci of pyogenic vasculitis was observed. Immuno-histochemical markers for the myo-epithelial and epithelial elements excluded the possibility of fibrous phyllodes, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, desmoid fibromatosis, and metaplastic carcinoma. The present findings were diagnostic of an inflammatory angio-fibroma of the right breast, not reported in the earlier literature. The observations indicated that the female breast may be susceptible to spontaneous productive and common-antibiotic-resistant focal septic vascular inflammation giving rise to angio-fibromatous proliferation producing a well-defined tumor mass in the breast, distinguishable from the other breast lesions by the connective tissue stains and immuno-histochemical markers.