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This review about the proactive sequential therapy (PST) of external genital and perianal warts (EGW) is based on the most current available clinical literature and on the broad clinical experience of a group of international experts, physicians who are well versed in the treatment of human papillomavirus-associated diseases. It provides a practical guide for the treatment of EGW, including epidemiology, etiology, clinical appearance, and diagnostic procedures for these viral infections. Furthermore, the treatment goals and current treatment options, elucidating provider- and patient-applied therapies, and the parameters driving treatment decisions are summarized. Specifically, the mode of action of the topical treatments sinecatechins and imiquimod, as well as the PST for EGW to achieve rapid and sustained clearance is discussed. The group of experts has developed a treatment algorithm giving healthcare providers a practical tool for the treatment of EGW which is very valuable in the presence of many different treatment options.

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Background The cutaneous manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 have been insufficiently covered in the literature. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 39 patients, admitted in our hospital, all with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, patients that associated during the hospitalization or in the convalescence period various skin manifestations. Results We admitted in our hospital from March 23 until September 12, 2020, 39 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients which were identified with intra-infectious rash or with lesions ofcutaneous vasculitis during convalescence. The most common cutaneous manifestation are erythematous and erythematous papular rash. 27 of the 39 documented patients had anosmia (69.2%), 26 patients had ageusia (66.7%), 34 patients presented pneumonia (87.2%), 24 patients had intra-infectious enterocolitis (61.5%). Skin biopsies were rarely performed in these patients. Furthermore, we are reporting two performed biopsies with the histopathological and immunohistochemistry changes of this selected cases of erythematous rash and erythema multiforme-like lesions. Both skin biopsies reveal an early fibrous remodeling of the dermis, suggesting similar changes that occur in the lungs or in other tissues in this disease. Conclusions The correlation of the skin lesions in SARS-CoV-2 infection with anosmia, ageusia and enteritis does not seem to be accidental, but associated with a similar response to ACE2 receptor expression in these tissues.

New Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes were synthesized with the Schiff base ligand obtained by the condensation of sulfathiazole with salicylaldehyde. Their characterization was performed by elemental analysis, molar conductance, spectroscopic techniques (IR, diffuse reflectance and UV–Vis–NIR), magnetic moments, thermal analysis, and calorimetry (thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry), while their morphological and crystal systems were explained on the basis of powder X-ray diffraction results. The IR data indicated that the Schiff base ligand is tridentate coordinated to the metallic ion with two N atoms from azomethine group and thiazole ring and one O atom from phenolic group. The composition of the complexes was found to be of the [ML2]∙nH2O (M = Co, n = 1.5 (1); M = Ni, n = 1 (2); M = Cu, n = 4.5 (3)) type, having an octahedral geometry for the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes and a tetragonally distorted octahedral geometry for the Cu(II) complex. The presence of lattice water molecules was confirmed by thermal analysis. XRD analysis evidenced the polycrystalline nature of the powders, with a monoclinic structure. The unit cell volume of the complexes was found to increase in the order of (2) < (1) < (3). SEM evidenced hard agglomerates with micrometric-range sizes for all the investigated samples (ligand and complexes). EDS analysis showed that the N:S and N:M atomic ratios were close to the theoretical ones (1.5 and 6.0, respectively). The geometric and electronic structures of the Schiff base ligand 4-((2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)-N-(thiazol-2-yl) benzenesulfonamide (HL) was computationally investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The predictive molecular properties of the chemical reactivity of the HL and Cu(II) complex were determined by a DFT calculation. The Schiff base and its metal complexes were tested against some bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis). The results indicated that the antibacterial activity of all metal complexes is better than that of the Schiff base.

We present herein the exceedingly uncommon case of a patient with cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) who gradually developed conjunctival, oral, and esophageal involvement. Despite long-term medical management with dapsone and disulone, the ocular lesions progressed to produce further scarring, which led to ankyloblepharon, symblepharon, and ultimately, blindness of the right eye. After a period of 5 years the patient developed a total esophageal stricture, intractable by dilation, necessitating esophageal reconstruction. The details of an original procedure using a continuous colic loop are described, highlighting the better tolerance of this technique by a high-risk patient. A discussion on the recent advances in diagnosing bullous dermatoses is presented following this case report.

Patients that suffer from inflammatory diseases need to pay special attention to nutrition. For this reason, it is very important to change the approach of both health professionals and food industry specialists. There must be a close collaboration, starting from research, the development phase of foods for special nutrition states. Our primary objective was to identify foods or potential dietary ingredients, which efficacy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis had been scientifically demonstrated in vitro, in vivo and clinically. Furthemore, our perspective is presented regarding the research and development of foods for special nutritional states in atopic dermatitis. The PubMed database was analyzed for the period 2018-2020, as well as the European Legislation regarding the appropriate requirements for the composition and knowledge applicable to foods destined for use in special medical purposes. The search criteria were 'chronic dermatitis', 'atopic dermatitis', 'psoriasis', 'alternative treatments', 'natural treatments', 'complementary treatments', 'treatments for chronic dermatitis'. We also looked for undesirable effects or side effects of the foods included in the research in order to treat atopic dermatitis. The results showed that prebiotics, probiotics and certain plant extracts had a high efficacy in controlling inflammation in atopic dermatitis. The food development research for special nutrition states (atopic dermatitis) involves a multidisciplinary team. We started with the establishment of the general objective and continued with the consultation of the PubMed, EMBASE and other databases, and with the in vitro, preclinical and/or clinical determination of the efficacy of new developed foods, that must be protected with patents. The development of foods for special nutrition states represents a solution for improving the quality of life of atopic dermatitis patients.

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer that develops from the malignant transformation of the melanocytes located in the basal layer of the epidermis (cutaneous melanoma). Melanocytes may also be found in the meninges, eyes, ears, gastrointestinal tract, genito-urinary system, or other mucosal surfaces (mucosal melanoma). Melanoma is caused by an uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes, that at first may form a benign lesion (nevogenesis), but in time, it may transition to melanoma, determining what it is named, melanomagenesis. Some tumors may appear spontaneously (de novo melanoma) or on preexisting lesions (nevus-associated melanoma). The exact cause of melanoma may not be fully understood yet, but there are some factors that initiate and promote this malignant process. This study aims to provide a summary of the latest articles regarding the key factors that may lead to melanomagenesis. The secondary objectives are to reveal the relationship between nevi and melanoma, to understand the cause of “de novo” and “nevus-associated melanoma” and highlight the differences between these subtypes.