Importance of food in the control of inflammation in atopic dermatitis

Abstract

Patients that suffer from inflammatory diseases need to pay special attention to nutrition. For this reason, it is very important to change the approach of both health professionals and food industry specialists. There must be a close collaboration, starting from research, the development phase of foods for special nutrition states. Our primary objective was to identify foods or potential dietary ingredients, which efficacy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis had been scientifically demonstrated in vitro, in vivo and clinically. Furthemore, our perspective is presented regarding the research and development of foods for special nutritional states in atopic dermatitis. The PubMed database was analyzed for the period 2018-2020, as well as the European Legislation regarding the appropriate requirements for the composition and knowledge applicable to foods destined for use in special medical purposes. The search criteria were 'chronic dermatitis', 'atopic dermatitis', 'psoriasis', 'alternative treatments', 'natural treatments', 'complementary treatments', 'treatments for chronic dermatitis'. We also looked for undesirable effects or side effects of the foods included in the research in order to treat atopic dermatitis. The results showed that prebiotics, probiotics and certain plant extracts had a high efficacy in controlling inflammation in atopic dermatitis. The food development research for special nutrition states (atopic dermatitis) involves a multidisciplinary team. We started with the establishment of the general objective and continued with the consultation of the PubMed, EMBASE and other databases, and with the in vitro, preclinical and/or clinical determination of the efficacy of new developed foods, that must be protected with patents. The development of foods for special nutrition states represents a solution for improving the quality of life of atopic dermatitis patients.

Dietary and Pharmaco-Therapy in Skin Diseases

“…Functional foods and dietary supplements can be considered nutraceuticals. Considering the general principles of food development for special nutritional states, presented by Rotaru M et al [18], we believe that they can be an important tool in the development of nutraceuticals. Based on the etiopathogenesis of acne, the researchers Kurokawa and Nakase [10] believe that antioxidants, vitamin D analogues [5,27] and antimicrobial peptides are potential treatments for acne in the future, along with topical anti-androgens, melanocortin receptor antagonists, IGF-1 inhibitors, PPAR modulators, acetylcholine inhibitors, local retinoic and metabolic blocking agents, monoclonal antibodies, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, IL-1β inhibitors, dapson, systemic antiandrogens and immunotherapy.…”

“…The main action monitored and demonstrated Duolac ® ATP *, 2 × 106 CFU/200 μL/day [18] -Treg differentiation: CD4 + T ↑ proliferation, Foxp3 +/Tregs ↑, IL -10 ↑; -IFN-γ ↑, IL-4 ↓ [18] Strawberry seed extract (tilirosida), 1.0 -3.0 μg/mL [18] -Synthesis of ceramides in the stratum corneum ↑, with the exception of ceramide [EOS], [AP]; -Skin barrier function and moisture retention ↑; -GCS and GBA ↑; -SPT2 and CerS3unaffected [18] L. sakei WIKIM30, 2 × 109 CFU, oral [18] -DC and T cell modulation: In the case of golden hamsters, the treatment with orange essential oil could significantly decrease the growth rate of the sebaceous gland compared to the corresponding dose of juice groups (p < 0.05). Both groups of patients treated with essential oil or bergamot juice and those treated with orange or sweet orange essential oil reported the effect of lowering the growth rate of sebaceous glands with a dose-effect relationship [19].…”

“…Daily consumption, for 8 days of yogurt containing the strain Lactococcus lactis 11/19-B1, by children with atopic dermatitis (DA), considerably improved the severity score of the disease (SCORAD) from 38.8 ± 14.4 at 24.2 ± 12 [22]. Other probiotis whose preclinical efficacy in reducing AD has been demonstrated are LP340 800 (LP340 -Lactobacillus pentosus bacteria, present in various fermented foods) [18], and ginger (Zingiber officinale) improve the oxidative stress and trace elements in patients with alopecia areata [1]. In order for drug and dietary treatment to be highly effective, given the complexity of the causes that can cause skin diseases, it is necessary to screen their use [14].…”

Effect of Astaxanthin on Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Astaxanthin Treatment for Atopic Dermatitis-induced Mice

“…Moreover, there is toxicity and side effects associateed ewith long-term use of antihistamines, immunosuppressants and local corticosteroids. Therefore, there is a need for new insight and therapeutic materials in the treatment of AD; natural products [25], and herbal medicines [26] have been studied.…”

Multimedia Mixed Reality Interactive Shared Decision-Making Game in Children with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, a Pilot Study

“…A database research identified more AD in children with positive immunoglobulin (Ig)E for fruits than negative specific IgE [ 9 ]. The role of egg white and its components in AD implied the importance of food in the control of inflammation [ 10 , 11 ]. The inflammatory condition of Kawasaki disease has also been associated with AD [ 12 ].…”