We report the early growth and neurologic findings of 48 infants in Brazil diagnosed with probable congenital Zika virus syndrome and followed to age 1–8 months. Most of these infants had microcephaly (86.7%) and craniofacial disproportion (95.8%). The clinical pattern included poor head growth with increasingly negative z-scores, pyramidal/extrapyramidal symptoms, and epilepsy.

Artigo originAlRESUMO | Contexto: A síndrome de esgotamento profissional ou burnout é uma reação de estresse excessivo relacionada ao trabalho, a qual se apresenta em três dimensões: exaustão emocional, despersonalização e reduzida realização profissional. Objetivos: O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar e comparar essas três dimensões presentes nos pediatras do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) -Unidade Materno Infantil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e descritivo envolvendo 78 profissionais. Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa o Maslach Burnout Inventory e o questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: A análise dos dados apontou que a prevalência de burnout foi de 2,6%. Níveis elevados de exaustão emocional, despersonalização e reduzida realização profissional foram encontrados em 42,3, 38,5 e 6,4% dos entrevistados, respectivamente. A prevalência de nível elevado em duas dimensões foi de 23,1%. Conclusões: Os pediatras apresentaram altos valores de exaustão emocional e baixos valores de despersonalização e reduzida realização profissional. Ressalta-se a necessidade de estruturação de programas de enfrentamento de burnout a fim de evitar o adoecimento de profissionais envolvidos com a promoção da saúde de crianças e adolescentes. Palavras-chave | esgotamento profissional; saúde do trabalhador; pediatria. ABSTRACT | Background:Burnout is an excessive work-related stress response that involves three main dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced professional achievement. Aims: The present study aimed to identify and compare these three dimensions among pediatricians at the Mother-Child Unit of University Hospital, Federal University of Maranhão (Universidade Federal do Maranhão -UFMA). Methods: The present quantitative and descriptive study included 78 professionals. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: Data analysis showed that the prevalence of burnout was 2.6%. High levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced professional achievement were found in 42.3%, 38.5% and 6.4% of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of high levels in two of these dimensions simultaneously was 23.1%. Conclusions: The analyzed pediatricians exhibited high levels of emotional exhaustion and low values of depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. The need to develop programs against burnout is emphasized to avoid the occurrence of illness among professionals involved in the promotion of child and adolescent health.

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Urban areas continue to be the center of action for many countries due to their contribution to economic development. Many urban areas, through the urbanization process, have become vulnerable to climate risk, thereby making risk mitigation and adaptation essential components in urban planning. The study assessed the impacts of IPCC Assessment Reports (ARs) on academic research on risk mitigation and adaptation concerns in urban areas. The study systematically reviewed literature through searches of the Web of Science and Scopus databases; 852 papers were retrieved and 370 were deemed eligible. The results showed that the East Asia and Pacific, and Europe and Central Asia regions were most interested in IPCC ARs, while Sub-Saharan Africa showed little interest. Several urban concerns, including socio-economic, air quality, extreme temperature, sea level rise/flooding, health, and water supply/drought, were identified. Additionally, studies on negative health outcomes due to extreme temperatures and air pollution did not appear in the first four IPCC ARs. However, significant studies appeared after the launch of the AR5. Here, we must state that climate-related problems of urbanization were known and discussed in scientific papers well before the formation of the IPCC. For instance, the works of Clarke on urban structure and heat mortality and Oke on climatic impacts of urbanization. Though the IPCC ARs show impact, their emphasis on combined mitigation and adaptation policies is limited. This study advocates more combined risk mitigation and adaptation policies in urban areas for increased resilience to climate risk.

Background Preterm and low weight children at birth are exposed to higher risks and rates of motor, cognitive, behavioral and emotional problems. Being born under low socioeconomic conditions adds even more complexity to these children. This report describes the emotional and behavioral issues of a group of children who were born in low income families and had low weigh at birth in the Northeast region of Brazil. Method A total of 100 children (47 with adequate and 53 with low weigh) were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist for behavioral and emotional problems, as well as with the Autism Behavior Checklist for autism symptoms. Results Results show no difference between the two groups (low and adequate weight) in terms of behavior problems or autism characteristics, however, it shows elevated clinical prevalence's of behavioral and emotional problems and more vulnerability for autism symptoms when compared to the general population. Data also showed the more years children spent in pre-school, the less internalizing problems they manifested. Conclusion This study indicates that the impact of low socioeconomics environment is more prominent in the development of behavioral and emotional problems than low weight at birth, in addition it points to the benefits of pre-school years for the emotional and behavioral adjustment of children from low income and with low weight at birth.

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In this work we will present, concisely, the consequences of the new civil law about the majority and legal representation in the criminal procedural field .