RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros químicos e físico-químicos como aporte ao desenvolvimento do processo para a conservação da polpa de cupuaçu por métodos combinados, como opção aos métodos onerosos (ex.: congelamento), como alternativa para redução de perdas pós-colheita da polpa do cupuaçu junto a pequenos e médios produtores. Foram selecionados os seguintes obstáculos: ajuste da Aw da polpa para 0,97 e 0,95, utilizando sacarose em concentrações de 22,5% e 34% em relação ao peso da polpa, ajuste do pH para 3,0, adição de benzoato de sódio em concentrações a 500 ppm, dióxido de enxofre (SO 2 ) a 400 ppm e branqueamento a 90ºC/2 minutos. Os resultados indicaram que os obstáculos selecionados se mostraram adequados para garantir a estabilidade microbiológica e físico-química da polpa num período de 20 dias. Termos para indexação: Processamento, métodos combinados, cupuaçu.
PRESERVATION OF CUPUAÇU PULP [Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.)Schum] BY COMBINED METHODSABSTRACT -This work had the objetive of evaluate chemical and physico-chemical standards as a support in the development of the preservation process of cupuaçu pulp by combined methods as an alternative to costly technics (ex.: freezing), reducing post-harvests lost of cupuaçu pulp for small and medium farmers. The following obstacles were chosen: water activity adjustment for values of Aw 0,97 and Aw 0,95 by addition of sucrose (22,5% and 34%, respectively); slow reduction of pH to 3,0; addition of sodium benzoate (500ppm); addition of sulfite dioxide (400ppm) and the use of branching (T = 90ºC/2min). The results indicated that the selected obstacles were suitable to guarantee the microbiological and physico-chemical stability of the pulp during 20 days of storage.
Objective: To verify the association between social determinants of health and the vulnerability of adolescents to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). Method: Cross-sectional study, performed with 287 students aged 11 to 17 years, in the outskirts of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from August do September 2016. Two instruments were used, one destined to social determinants of health and another to investigating the vulnerability to STIs. The magnitude of associations was expressed through odds ratio and interval of confidence, considering a 5% significance level. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ceará. Results: 212 (73.9%) adolescents were considered more vulnerable, with a score ≥ 4. The intermediate social determinant “housing (home ownership)” obtained significant association with with the vulnerability to STIs (p of 0.022; CI 1.1 to 3.3; OR 1.9). Conclusion: The intermediate social determinant “type of housing” influences the vulnerability to STAs.
Objective: To analyze the association between vulnerabilities to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs/HIV/AIDS) of adolescents in poverty and their level of resilience. Method: Cross-sectional study with 287 students between 11 and 17 years old in a school in the outskirts of Fortaleza-Ce. The study was conducted from August to October 2016. Three instruments related to characterization, vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS and resilience were used. The association between the instruments was calculated using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Association between vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS and resilience was assessed through the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: There was a significant association between the factors “housing” (p=0.022), “family income” (p=0.037) and vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS. Adolescents whose father has completed high school (p=0.043) have moderately high resilience. Conclusion: Adolescents with low socioeconomic status and who live on less than a minimum wage tends to be more susceptible to vulnerabilities to STIs/HIV/AIDS and to have low resilience.
The photoprotective and antimutagenic activity of opened and closed basidiocarps of Agaricus subrufescens (=A. blazei; =A. brasiliensis) obtained by different extraction methods were evaluated on Aspergillus nidulans conidia submitted to ultraviolet (UV) light. The aqueous extracts were obtained by three extraction methods: maceration, infusion, and decoction, at two different extraction times. The extracts of A. subrufescens did not present toxicity for A. nidulans conidia. A suspension of A. nidulans conidia was submitted to extracts before and after the exposure to UV light. All basidiocarp extracts, regardless of the extraction method or development stage, protected A. nidulans conidia against the damaging effects of the mutagenic agent. The antimutagenic and photoprotective activity was strengthened with extracts obtained by 168-h maceration, followed by 24-h maceration and 60-min infusion and, at last, by 30-min infusion. Although the extracts presented protector effect as well as recoverer effect to the action of UV light, the preventive effect was more evident. Differences in the biological activity in function of the different development stages were detected with greater antimutagenic and photoprotective activity for the opened basidiocarps. However, the extraction method is the most important factor to be considered when compared to the basidiocarp development stage to obtain better antimutagenic and photoprotective activity of A. subrufescens basidiocarps.
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