artigo de revisão review article Primeira submissão em 27/04/11 Última submissão em 27/04/11 Aceito para publicação em 26/05/11 Publicado em 20/06/11 A utilidade dos indicadores da qualidade no gerenciamento de laboratórios clínicos Usefulness of quality indicators in the management of clinical laboratories

Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) has been highlighted in the health care sector in recent decades. On the other hand, due to its low demand, POCT is at a disadvantage compared to conventional equipment, since its cost is inversely proportional to the volume of use. In addition, for the implementation of POCT to succeed, it is essential to rely on the work of a multidisciplinary team. The awareness of health professionals of the importance of each step is perhaps the critical success factor. The trend towards the continuous advancement of the use of POCT and the great potential of its contributions reinforce the need to implement quality management tools, including performance indicators, to ensure their results. This review presents some advantages and disadvantages concerning POCT and the real need to use it. A worldwide call for the availability of easy-to-use health technologies that are increasingly closer to the final user is one of the main reasons for this focus.

Tradescantia pallida cv. purpurea, a plant species widely employed for ornamentation in Brazil, has been successfully used for monitoring the genotoxicity of various agents by the micronucleus assay. To amplify knowledge about its suitability as a bioindicator species, its capacity for accumulating trace elements from urban air pollution was evaluated. T. pallida was rooted using standardized soil, and the vases were distributed in two highly polluted sites of the urban area of São Paulo, Brazil (Cerqueira César and Congonhas districts), and in one unpolluted control site situated approximately 50 km from downtown São Paulo (in Caucaia do Alto). Approximately six months after exposure to pollutants, adult leaves of this plant were collected monthly for 12 months. The leaves were washed with deionized water, dried, and ground for analyses. Characterization of element levels was carried out by neutron activation analysis. Powdered samples and standards were irradiated at the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor for short and long periods, and concentrations of As,

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Os perigos no ambiente de trabalho estão relacionados com qualquer tipo de fonte potencialmente danosa, em termos de lesões, ferimentos ou danos para a saúde ou uma combinação desses fatores. Os riscos são consequências dos perigos existentes no laboratório. Os laboratórios clínicos apresentam múltiplos riscos ocupacionais aos trabalhadores, categorizados como riscos biológicos, físicos, químicos, ergonômicos e para ocorrência de acidentes. É importante o laboratório identificar os riscos, avaliar os impactos que podem afetar o negócio e estabelecer critérios de priorização para a tomada de decisões, implementando estratégias e ações preventivas, a fim de evitar a instalação de falhas ou danos potenciais. Este artigo propõe uma sistemática de identificação e avaliação dos perigos e riscos em saúde e segurança ocupacional no laboratório clínico e discute suas aplicações na prática operacional. resumo unitermos Perigos Gestão de riscos Saúde ocupacional Acidentes do trabalho Saúde do trabalhador Laboratório clínico Medicina laboratorial