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Both LiDCO and PiCCOTD agreed well with PAC-TD for the measurement of CO under different hemodynamic conditions. Moreover, PiCCOc appears to be an accurate method for monitoring continuous CO in dogs as its performance for measurement was similar to that of PulseCO.

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Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can modify cardiovascular parameters in response to nociceptive stimuli or drugs in anesthetized animals. The aim of this study was to determine if a surgical nociceptive stimulus and morphine, ketamine, and dobutamine administration would modify ANS activity observed as a change in the mean parasympathetic tone activity (PTAm) in anesthetized horses. In 20 anesthetized horses, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and PTAm were monitored before and 1, 3, and 5 min after surgical incision, and before and 10 min after the administration of morphine (0.2 mg/kg IV). If nystagmus or spontaneous ventilation was observed, ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV) was given, and the three variables were registered before and 3 and 5 min afterward. If MAP reached ≤ 62 mmHg, a dobutamine infusion was administered, and the three variables were recorded before and 5 min after starting/increasing the infusion (0.25 μg/kg/min IV every 5 min). The three variables were registered before and 1, 3, and 5 min after a PTAm decrease of ≥ 20%, HR increase of ≥ 10%, or MAP increase of ≥ 20%. The PTAm decreased 3 min after the administration of ketamine and 1 min after a PTA event. The surgical incision, dobutamine, and morphine did not modify PTAm. The absence of changes in ANS activity after the nociceptive stimulus and lack of correlation between PTAm and HR or MAP suggest that PTAm is a poor indicator of sympathetic activation under the study conditions. Ketamine seems to affect ANS activity by decreasing PTAm.

Validez y confiabilidad de la versión en español de la escala multidimensional de la UNESP-Botucatu para evaluar el dolor postoperatorio en gatosValidation of the spanish version of the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale to assess postoperative pain in cats SUMMARYThis study focused on the validation of the Spanish version of the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale to assess postoperative pain in cats. The original scale in Portuguese was translated into Spanish by two independent translators, and summarised in one version by a third individual. The summarised version was back-translated and minor adjustments were made. The scale was reviewed by three anesthesiologists with Spanish as their first language, and the final version was submitted to psychometric testing. Thirty cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy were video recorded during the perioperative period. Six observers from different spanish speaking countries, who had Spanish as the first language watched the videos and determined the pain scores using the Spanish version of the scale, identifying the cats that should receive analgesics. Videos were reanalysed in a different order about 2 months after the first assessment. The sensitivity to change, content and construct validity were established by the significant change in pain scores in response to surgery and analgesics. The agreement between the evaluations of the 'gold standard' (researcher that developed the scale) and the other observers confirmed the criterion validity. Inter-and intra-rater reliability, evaluated by intra-class correlation coefficient, ranged from good to very good for all scale items.The cut-off point for rescue analgesia identified by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was > 7 with 92% of sensitivity and 91% of specificity. The Spanish version of the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale is interpretable (has an optimal analgesic intervention score), valid and reliable instrument for assessing acute pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.Key words: cats, pain, validation, scale. RESUMENEl objetivo de este estudio fue validar la versión en español de la escala multidimensional de la UNESP-Botucatu para evaluar el dolor postoperatorio en gatos. La escala original en portugués se tradujo al español y una versión sintetizada fue retrotraducida tras realizar pequeños ajustes. Tres anestesiólogos revisaron la escala (español de lengua materna), y la versión final se sometió a test psicométricos. Treinta gatas sometidas a ovariohisterectomía fueron filmadas durante el periquirúrgico. Seis observadores de diferentes culturas y con el español como lengua materna evaluaron los videos determinando las puntuaciones de dolor utilizando la escala en español, identificando a los animales que debían recibir analgesia adicional. Los videos se reevaluaron aproximadamente dos meses después del primer análisis. La sensibilidad al cambio, validez del contenido y constructo del instrumento se establecieron gracias a las alteraciones signific...

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