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RESUMENEl objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en bovinos del departamento del Cesar, Colombia. Se colectaron 862 muestras fecales en 27 fincas de doble propósito de dos municipios. Los animales fueron estratificados en tres grupos etarios: 0-12, 12-24 y >24 meses. Las muestras se procesaron mediante las técnicas coprológicas de McMaster, Dennis y Baermann. Se identificaron los géneros de los parásitos según morfología de sus huevos o larvas infectivas. La prevalencia global de parásitos gastrointestinales fue de 83.2%, siendo los valores más altos para Eimeria sp (77.9%), Strongyloides sp (10.8%) y Haemonchus sp (8.5%). No se encontró asociación estadística por efecto de los municipios, pero se observó por efecto del grupo etario en la prevalencia de Eimeria sp, Strongyloides, Haemonchus y Trichostrongylus (p<0.05).Palabras clave: gastrointestinal; helmintos; parásitos; vacunos ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in bovines from the department of Cesar, Colombia. Faecal samples were collected (n=862) from 27 dual-purpose cattle farms in two municipalities. The animals were stratified into three age groups: 0-12, 12-24 and >24 months. The samples were processed using the coprological techniques of McMaster, Dennis and Baermann. The genera of the parasites were identified according to the morphology of their eggs or

Aim: The research was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factor associated with respiratory viral pathogens in dual-purpose cattle of Aguachica, Rio de Oro and La Gloria municipalities in Cesar department, Colombia. Materials and Methods: The seroprevalence study was done from the random sampling (n=1000) of blood collected from 29 dual-purpose herds, located in three municipalities (Aguachica, Rio de Oro, and La Gloria) of Cesar department. The presence of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (BPI-3V) in the samples was detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Epidemiological data were obtained using a questionnaire administered to the owner or manager of each herd. Results: The overall highest seroprevalence was observed for BHV-1 (94.7%), followed by BRSV (98.6%), BVDV (35.2%), and BPI-3V (47.1%). Regarding the seroprevalence by municipalities, there was a statistical association (p<0.05) for BVDV; however, for BRSV, BHV-1, and BPI-3V, no statistical association was found (p>0.05) between seropositive values and the municipalities, indicating that animal was seropositive in similar proportions in the three municipalities. Female sex and older animals (>24 months) were a significant risk factor for BHV-1 and BPI-3V infection. Regarding the clinical signs, there was a statistical association (p<0.05) between the seropositive values of BVDV and most of clinical signs observed, except for abortion. Conclusion: This research confirms the high seroprevalence of the respiratory viral pathogens in nonvaccinated cattle within the study areas. Therefore, appropriate sanitary management practices and routine vaccination programs should be adopted to reduce the seroprevalence of these infectious agents.

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Poultry production due to consumer demand has increased annually, which leads to the use of additives such as antibiotics to favor rearing conditions, this increases the deficiency in the composition of production animals’ intestinal microbiota and can generate microbiological and genetic changes; this microbiota can reach humans through food chain, generating a possible horizontal transfer of genes that encode resistance to antibiotics. The objective was to identify resistance profiles and the genes that encode it. Materials and methods: From 200 chickens, 35 strains of Escherichia coli with extended spectrum beta-lactamase resistance phenotype were isolated from healthy broilers, from production farms in Santander (Colombia). 83 % of the AmpC gene, 86 % of the blaCTXM gene, 54 % of the blaSHV gene and 57 % of the blaTEM gene were identified. Regarding the genes that code for resistance to quinolones, 94 % of the qnrB gene, 9 % of the qnrC gene and 0 % of the qnrA gene were identified. The coexistence of the genes that encode for resistance to antibiotics is a serious problem that requires vigilance, in view of this; control strategies must be generated to avoid the spread through the food chain, as well as strategies for the control of the use of antibiotics in the production.

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Introducción: Los municipios de Aguachica y Rio de Oro, ubicados al sur del departamento del Cesar son centros económicamente activos cuya principal fuente de ingresos es la ganadería. Esta actividad se ve afectada por enfermedades parasitarias que afectan al ganado, ocasionándole enfermedades que disminuyen la productividad que se ve reflejada en la producción de leche principalmente, causando pérdidas económicas para el ganadero. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de larvas pulmonares en bovinos empleando la técnica de Baermann. Materiales y métodos: Para ello, se diseñó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal donde se recolectaron y procesaron 862 muestras de materia fecal bovina provenientes de 5 veredas ubicadas en los municipios de Aguachica y de Rio de Oro (Cesar). Se procesaron en promedio 48 muestras por finca; 70% correspondían a hembras y 30% a machos, con edades entre los 4 meses y los 13 años. Resultados: La prevalencia de larvas encontrada fue de 14% sin distinción de género, porque no hubo diferencia significativa entre la cantidad de machos y hembras parasitados. En cuanto a la edad de los bovinos, la mayor prevalencia se encontró en bovinos menores a 3 años. Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren un moderado grado de infección en los bovinos de esta región, sin embargo, es importante seguir realizando estudios al respecto por las enfermedades que pueden causarle al bovino. Con esta información, los ganaderos podrán diseñar medidas de prevención y control, así como detección temprana; aspectos que redundarán en el rendimiento de su ganado,   aumentando  la productividad y rentabilidad del sector ganadero.