Whilst the association between smoking and peptic ulceration has been reported previously, the relationship between smoking and the complications of ulcers, such as perforation, bleeding or acute painful exacerbation, has not been examined. In a retrospective study comparing 275 emergency admissions for peptic ulcer with 275 controls, cigarette smoking was significantly more common only in those with a perforated duodenal ulcer. Of 128 patients with perforated duodenal ulcers, 110 (86%) were cigarette smokers compared with 65 (51%) of the 128 matched controls (X2, P less than 0.01). Cigarette smoking in patients with bleeding or acutely exacerbated ulcers was not significantly more common than in controls. These findings strongly suggest a particular association between smoking and perforated duodenal ulcer.

Summary:The ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in 272 patients with bleeding or perforated peptic ulcer was compared with 272 age/sex matched controls. A significantly higher proportion of patients with gastric ulcers had received NSAID than those with duodenal ulcers.Twelve of 90 (13%) patients admitted with bleeding duodenal ulcers had received NSAID compared with 11 of 26 (42%) patients with bleeding gastric ulcers (P = 0.003). Sixteen of 132 (12%) patients with perforated duodenal ulcer were taking NSAID compared with 8 of 24 (33%) patients with perforated gastric ulcer. Thirty eight percent of patients with both bleeding and perforated gastric ulcers had received NSAID compared with 13% bleeding and perforated duodenal ulcers (P <0.002).This study confirms the association of NSAID and complicated peptic ulcer in patients of over 65 years and highlights the particular susceptibility of the gastric mucosa to their injurious effect.

Background The knowledge on bovine vaccines against respiratory viruses on bronchoalveolar fluid cells is scarce. Objective To compare the effects of a commercial intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) vaccine against bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex viruses on bronchoalveolar fluid cells of healthy heifers. Methods 21 healthy heifers were assigned to three treatment groups: control (CO, N = 7), intranasally vaccinated (IN) (n = 7), and intramuscularly vaccinated (IM) (n = 7). The IN group received 1 mL of the commercial vaccine in each nostril once containing attenuated BoHV-1, bPIV-3, and BRSV. The IM group was vaccinated with two doses of 2 mL with an interval of 21 days of the commercial vaccine containing attenuated BoHV-1, bPIV-3, and BRSV plus inactivated BVDV. At day 0 (D0), before the first vaccine dose, and at D3, D7, and D21, after the last vaccine dose, airway bronchoscopy was performed to observe local irritation and collect bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The bronchoalveolar count, cytological evaluation, bronchoalveolar cell oxidative metabolism, and total bronchoalveolar IgA and IgG were measured. Results The IN vaccine increased neutrophil cellularity at D7 and D21 and total IgA at D3 in BALF. Total IgA in BALF also increased at D3 and oxidative metabolism of bronchoalveolar cells at D21 lowered compared to the CO group. Following IM vaccination there was no alteration of immunoglobulins or cell oxidative metabolism in BALF. Both vaccines reduced the number of alveolar macrophages. Conclusion Both vaccines induced bronchoalveolar inflammation during the establishment of the vaccine immunity, which was more expressive in the IN protocol.

The findings of 27 lymph node biopsies performed on 24 homosexual patients with lymphadenopathy are presented. Six had acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 18 lymphadenopathy only, of whom one subsequently developed AIDS. All these patients had antibodies to the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) suggesting that HTLV-III is currently the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy in homosexual men. The histopathological findings of six of seven nodes from AIDS patients showed either follicular depletion alone or follicular and paracortical lymphocyte depletion. Nodes from four patients showed Kaposi's sarcoma, three of which also showed follicular hyperplasia. In two of these patients there were no cutaneous manifestations of this condition. One lymph node from a patient with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Six nodes from six other patients have had features of toxoplasmosis although there was no serological or clinical evidence of recent toxoplasma infection. The remaining 11 lymph nodes from patients with PGL and one node from a patient with transient lymphadenopathy, showed reactive follicular hyperplasia only. We conclude that homosexuals with lymphadenopathy who are HTLV-III antibody positive do not need a routine node biopsy unless an alternative diagnosis is strongly suspected.

No abstract

Thoracic Radiology is a diagnostic technique used to study several aberrations, including cardiac abnormalities, which can be determined by VHS (vertebral heart size). The heart length and width are measured, and the CTR (cardiothoracic ratio) is calculated, by comparing the heart width to the thoracic diameter. This study aimed at measuring the cardiac silhouette of non-human primates (PNH) belonging to the genus Sapajus sp., and the Alouatta guariba species through VHS and CTR. From among the eight animals assessed, it was evident that in both the Sapajus sp. and the Alouatta guariba, the highest HSV change index was observed, depending upon the age of the animal. However, although the individuals of the Alouatta guariba species are bigger in size and heavier, the animals of the genus Sapajus sp. have a larger heart size in proportion to their body. ResumoO uso da radiologia torácica surge como forma de diagnóstico para inúmeras anormalidades, inclusive cardíacas, as quais podem ser avaliadas por métodos VHS (vertebral heart size), realizado a partir da mensuração do comprimento e largura do coração e CTR (cardiothoracic ratio), o qual compara a largura do coração, pelo diâmetro torácico. Assim, objetivamos mensurar a silhueta cardíaca de primatas não humanos (PNH) do gênero Sapajus sp. e espécie Alouatta guariba por meio do VHS e CTR. Dos oito animais avaliados, percebeu-se que tanto nos Sapajus sp. e nos Alouatta guariba, o índice de maior alteração do VHS foi encontrado pela idade do animal. E que apesar dos animais da espécie Alouatta guariba serem maiores e mais pesados, proporcionalmente ao corpo, os animais do gênero Sapajus

Medicina veterinária. I. Ruiz, Valeska Regina Reque. II. Título. CDD 636.089 Elaborado por Maurício Amormino Júnior-CRB6/2422 O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. 2019 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. www.atenaeditora.com.br APRESENTAÇÃO A Clínica Veterinária vem crescendo com o passar dos anos, deixando de ser a clínica de cães e gatos. Atualmente Médicos Veterinários atendem a animais de companhia, animais não convencionais e animais de produção, sendo desta forma, necessária a atualização e aprofundamento de seus conhecimentos para acompanhar o crescimento. A obtenção de conhecimento se inicia na faculdade com as práticas de ensino e se estende a vida profissional, através de especializações, pós-graduações e leitura de artigos, com esta visão foi compilado as pesquisas neste segundo volume de Estudos em Medicina Veterinária com temas inovadores dentro da clínica médica, nutrição, produtos de origem animal e práticas de ensino.

Foi atendida, na Clínica Escola de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, uma borrega com 40 dias de idade apresentando onfaloflebite e aumento em articulações do carpo em MAD e do tarso no MPE. Após anamnese e exame físico completo foi instituído o tratamento inicial com lavagem intra-articular do tarso MPE com 1 mL de gentamicina diluída com 1mL de solução fisiológica, drenagem dos abcessos na articulação do carpo MAD e no ônfalo e aplicação por 20 dias de ceftiofur (1,0 mg/kg) SID IM, flunexin meglumine (2,2 mg/kg) SID IM por cinco dias, além de fisioterapia. Após o tratamento, a paciente não apresentou melhora, os abscessos continuaram a drenar pus e a paciente permaneceu em decúbito prolongado. Foi proposto, então, um tratamento utilizando a perfusão regional intravenosa no MPE. Este procedimento foi realizado com 2,5 mL de sulfato de gentamicina (100 mg/animal), diluído a 50% em solução fisiológica. Após iniciar o novo tratamento, a borrega apresentou melhora clínica considerável, levantando e permanecendo em estação. Entretanto, o caso evoluiu para novas formações de abcessos articulares, optando-se pela eutanásia do animal. Durante a necropsia, encontrou-se focos de osteomielite no quinto e sexto arco costal, na região de manúbrio, sugerindo que a onfaloflebite evoluiu para esta alteração em arco costal.