Background: Indoor cycling is an aerobic exercise that employs large muscle groups of the lower limbs, lacking osteoarticular impact and high energy expenditure, which makes it interesting to generate a non-pharmacological strategy.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the immediate effects of concurrent training on leptin and cortisol levels in overweighed young adults. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental methodology. We included 20 volunteers of both sexes, randomly divided into a training competitor group (TCG n = 10) and a control group (C n = 10). Blood collection was performed in individuals at rest after fasting for 12 hours. The leptin and cortisol levels were analyzed by radioimmunoassay and chemiluminescence immunoassay before and immediately after training. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis with a significance level of p <0.05. Results: In the analysis of leptin levels, there was significant difference between groups (TCG x C) in the pre intervention (p = 0.02) and post intervention (p = 0.01). In the intra groups, no significant changes were found, and in the analysis of cortisol levels between groups (TGC x C), a significant difference in the pre intervention (p = 0.01) and post intervention (p = 0.01) was observed; however, in the intra groups there were no significant changes. Conclusion: A single concurrent training session is not sufficient to promote acute changes in the leptin and cortisol levels of the volunteer overweighed young adults in this study.
Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out an epidemiological analysis of metabolic syndrome among Brazilian Army soldiers. Subjects and methods: Two thousand seven hundred and nineteen male soldiers of the Brazilian Army were evaluated from 2014 to 2016. Characteristics: age = 27.77 (± 8.59) years and BMI = 25.15 (± 3.41) kg/m 2. Blood tests and anthropometric measures were performed following the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on MS Epidemiology and Prevention, 2009. The epidemiological analysis was based on Odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI). Results: The prevalence of MS found was 12.21%. Both WC and BMI proved to be good predictors of changes in MS physiological markers. Increased WC and BMI were strongly associated with all physiological markers. Soldiers with WC ≥ 90 were more likely to present MS with OR = 33.37 (24.37-45.7). Soldiers with WC ≥ 90 also presented high risk of: high triglycerides with OR = 5.98 (4.69-7.61); low HLD-c with OR = 1.78 (1.47-2.16); and increased systolic blood pressure OR = 3.10 (2.55-3.76). Soldiers with BMI ≥ 30 had a high risk of: increased glucose with OR = 2.69 (1.93-3.75); and increased diastolic blood pressure with OR = 3.02 (2.22-4.10). Conclusion: Both WC and BMI can be considered as good predictors of changes in MS physiological markers. We believe that WC and BMI should be used as screening tools to indicate the soldiers that must undergo blood tests to monitor MS prevalence.
Introduction: Adipocyte volume (fat accumulation) in different parts of the body may play different roles in the metabolism and in the appearance of cardiovascular risk factors. Most studies indicate that the regional distribution of body fat seems to be more important than excess adiposity per se. High levels of physical activity are associated with lower total and visceral body fat levels. Military physical training is of paramount importance for the health and performance of soldiers in the Brazilian Army. In this context, physical evaluation will provide data on the main physical benefits involved in military tasks. Objective: Verify the relationship between visceral fat (VF), physical performance and biochemical markers of soldiers in the Brazilian Army. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 (38.9 ± 2.2 years) Brazilian male military personnel. VF was obtained with a Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry densitometry device. The biochemical analysis included fasting glycemia, triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C levels. Physical performance was evaluated through two tests (12-min run and pull-ups). The Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed the normality of the variables. Pearson's correlation test was then applied, with a p-value of <0.05. Results: Significant negative correlations of VF were found with the results of both physical tests (Pull-ups r = −0.59; 12-min r = −0.61). The only biochemical variable that had a significant positive correlation with VF was TG (r = 0.44). Conclusion: The results of this study showed a significant negative association between VF and physical tests. A significant positive association between VF and TG was also found. Level of Evidence I; Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnostic test.
Effects of indoor cycling associated with diet on body composition and serum lipids Study aim: To determine the effects of indoor cycling training combined with restricted diet, lasting 12 weeks, on serum lipid concentrations in obese women. Material and methods: Twenty women aged 23.8 ± 3.6 years were randomly assigned into two groups: control (C) and experimental (E), the latter subjected to indoor cycling at various loads, 3 sessions weekly, every session lasting 45 min, combined with restricted diet (about 1200 kcal daily) for 12 weeks. The following variables were recorded: body height and mass, BMI, relative body fat content (from 7 skinfolds), fat-free mass, triglycerides, cholesterol and lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL). Results: Significant increase in HDL and significant decreases in all other variables (except body height) were noted only in the experimental group. Conclusions: Indoor cycling associated with restricted diet is an excellent option in controlling obesity and serum lipids.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of a walking program on levels of functional autonomy of elderly participants of the Family Health Program. Methods: In this experimental study, the sample was randomly divided into: experimental group (EG, n = 58, age: 67 ± 6 years) and a control group (n = 40, age: 70 ± 6 years). All were physically active but without a rigorous program of regular physical activity. Functional autonomy was evaluated by the battery of tests of the Group of Latin American Development to Maturity (GDLAM), comprising: walk 10m (C10M), rising from a seated position (LPS), rising from the prone position (LPDV), rising from his chair and moving around the house (LCLC) and test and get a dress shirt (VTC). These tests result in GDLAM index (GI). The intervention program was conducted in weekly frequency of three times, with intensity ranging from 55% to 75% of maximum heart rate. Results: In the intragroup analysis, one could observe a significant improvement in the SG in all tests GDLAM and IG ( =-4.13, p = 0.0001), although the GC obtained a significant worsening in all GDLAM tests and IG ( = +0.05, p = 0.0001). In intergroup comparison, the GE was superior to GC in all tests (p <0.05) and IG ( =-8.23, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: It can be inferred that the GE, after undergoing regular walking activity and controlled, had improved the level of functional autonomy, compared to the initial and the GC. Number of clinical register: NCT00981734
R E S U M O ObjetivoVerificar o efeito de 12 semanas de dieta hipocalórica sobre a composição corporal e o nível sérico lipídico de mulheres adultas com sobrepeso. MétodosA amostra foi composta por vinte mulheres (23,80, desvio-padrão de 2,73 anos) da academia Westfit-Bangu, divididas randomicamente em dois grupos de dez: grupo controle e grupo dieta hipoenergética. Foi realizada uma avaliação da composição corporal (massa corporal, percentual de gordura, índice de massa corporal e massa magra) e do nível sérico lipídico (colesterol total, triglicerídeos, lipoproteína de baixa densidade, lipoproteína de alta densidade e lipoproteínas de muito baixa densidade). Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva (média e desvio-padrão) e o teste t de Student na análise inter e intragrupos. O nível de significância foi de p<0,05. ResultadosO grupo dieta hipoenergética apresentou reduções significativas (p<0,05) nas variáveis antropométricas (massa corporal, percentual de gordura, índice de massa corporal e massa magra) e nas variáveis lipídicas (triglicerídios,Rev. Nutr., Campinas, 23(6):959-967, nov./dez., 2010 Revista de Nutrição colesterol total, lipoproteína de baixa densidade e lipoproteínas de muito baixa densidade). Quanto à variável: lipoproteína de alta densidade, foi observada uma redução, porém não significativa. ConclusãoA partir dos resultados apresentados pode-se concluir que a dieta hipoenergética foi uma excelente opção no tratamento da obesidade e no controle do nível sérico dos lipídeos, contribuindo desta forma, para a redução dos riscos cardiovasculares na população estudada.Termos de indexação: Dieta hipoenergética. Lipídeos plasmáticos. Obesidade. A B S T R A C T ObjectiveThis study verified the effects of a 12-week low-calorie diet on the body composition and serum lipid levels of overweight adult women. MethodsThe sample consisted of 20 females (23.80 Results The Diet Group presented a significant decrease (p<0.05) in anthropometric variables (body mass, % of fat, BMI and lean mass) and serum lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-and very low-density lipoproteins).The level of high-density lipoprotein also decreased but not significantly.
The combat simulation exercise is a military activity where combat activities characterized by intense physical activity are simulated. The aim of this study was to describe the behavior of indirect markers of muscle damage during military activities of combat simulation with the realization of strenuous physical efforts. This study was conducted with military recruits/volunteers (n=43; 19-24 age group) from the COMANDOS Army Corporal Training Course. The biomarkers were evaluated at the baseline (T0), 72 hours after the baseline (T1) and 63 hours after the end of the activity (T2). To compare the variables analyzed at different times, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to repeated measures with post hoc Tukey's test to identify the statistically significant differences. The criteria of significance adopted was the value of p<0,05. On average, the total body mass was significantly greater in T0 when compared to T1 (74,4kg x 69,8Kg; p< 0,05). In relation to the biochemical markers, on average, the serum levels were significantly higher (p<0,001) in T1 when compared to T0: CPK, LDH, CRP, Mb and AGPA. After 63 hours of rest, on average, the serum levels of the biochemical markers were significantly lower than in the moment T1: CPK, LDH, CRP, Mb and AGPA. However, after 63 hours of the end of the activity, all variables evaluated returned to baseline, with the exception of LDH, that on an average remained above the values observed in the moment T0. This study made possible to understand the behavior of indirect markers of muscle damage during the COMANDOS Army Corporal Training Course. However, others studies are necessary, regarding to Training Courses such as: paratrooper, mountain, jungle warfare and others to try establish a possible range of reference values for this markers during military activities.
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