Fish eco-labeling is a market-based incentive program for sustainable fisheries. This paper examines consumers' acceptance of eco-labeled fish by using data from a pilot study conducted in a coastal area of northwestern Mexico. An ordered probit model was applied, using 364 observations. The results show that most respondents favor the idea of eco-labeled fish as a sustainable option and know that this is a costlier option. Income level, consumers' occupation and frequency of fish consumption are factors taken into account in the buying decision. Price was not a statistically significant factor affecting purchase decision. The study suggests that employed consumers with knowledge of labels may prioritize their demand for eco-labeled fish. Thus, providing a clear definition of sustainability that increases consumer awareness might be a promising strategy in developing the market for eco-labeled fish. The results and their implications could be employed as an element for future development of consumer policies related to fish sustainability.

One of the primary concerns of countries with high levels of biodiversity is the conservation of species and natural environments. This prioritization is based in part on a recognition of the importance of ecosystem services, understood as the various benefits that humans derive from ecosystems, which may be developed into goods and services that are transacted in markets. The Nagoya Protocol is an international agreement whose purpose is to provide a framework under which countries can support biodiversity conservation by regulating access to native genetic materials. Such materials may be of interest to companies, organizations, and institutions for commercial, non-commercial, or both purposes. Furthermore, genetic resources constitute important inputs in numerous industries, including those in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, botany and horticultural, agricultural, personal hygiene and cosmetics, and food and beverage sectors. The present study explores whether there is a relationship between biodiversity, the implementation of systems to protect natural areas and the quality of institutions, and the utilization of the Nagoya Protocol framework in individual countries. A Probit model was estimated to test these relationships, and a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was conducted to identify whether the aforementioned factors explain the execution of access and benefit sharing (ABS) agreements, as measured through the lodging of Internationally Recognized Certificates of Compliance (IRCC) in the Access and Benefit-Sharing Clearing-House (ABSCH) of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The findings indicated that biodiversity conservation policies, specifically the designation of protected natural areas, are important factors that might motivate actors in Nagoya Protocol member countries to utilize the protocol system. The CCA also revealed that the quality of institution factors such as the protection of property rights, the efficiency of legal frameworks for dispute resolution, investor protection, and a low government regulation burden. also help to explain the utilization of ABS agreements.

La serie de Documentos de Investigación del Banco de México divulga resultados preliminares de trabajos de investigación económica realizados en el Banco de México con la finalidad de propiciar el intercambio y debate de ideas. El contenido de los Documentos de Investigación, así como las conclusiones que de ellos se derivan, son responsabilidad exclusiva de los autores y no reflejan necesariamente las del Banco de México.The Working Papers series of Banco de México disseminates preliminary results of economic research conducted at Banco de México in order to promote the exchange and debate of ideas. The views and conclusions presented in the Working Papers are exclusively the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Banco de México.Abstract: Current data provide macroeconomic information for a large number of countries and for a long period of time (macro panels). This causes that in these panels slope heterogeneity and crosssection dependence (CSD) are a rule rather than the exception, leading to fixed effects slope estimators to be biased and inconsistent. This paper analyzes gross capital flows to emerging economies employing the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) model to account for slope heterogeneity and CSD. The results suggest that the AMG performs better than the fixed effects model. In addition, this work also suggests that not only the heterogeneity across countries is important to analyze capital inflows to emerging economies, but also the different responses of the different types of capital inflows to movements in macroeconomic variables.Resumen: Los datos actuales proporcionan información macroeconómica para un número grande de países por un periodo largo de tiempo (paneles macro). Esto ocasiona que en dichos paneles la heterogeneidad en las pendientes y la correlación transversal (CSD) sean la regla y no la excepción, dando lugar a que los estimadores del modelo de efectos fijos sean sesgados e inconsistentes. Este trabajo analiza flujos brutos de capital hacia las economías emergentes empleando el modelo Augmented Mean Group (AMG) que toma en cuenta la heterogeneidad de las pendientes y la CSD. Los resultados sugieren que el AMG se comporta mejor que el modelo de efectos fijos. Además, este trabajo también sugiere que no sólo la heterogeneidad entre países es importante para analizar las entradas de capital a las economías emergentes, sino también las diferentes respuestas de los distintos tipos de entradas de capital a movimientos en las variables macroeconómicas.

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, admissions to hospital intensive care units (ICUs) surged, exerting unprecedented stress on ICU resources and operations. The novelty of the highly infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) required significant changes to the way critically ill patients were managed. Houston Methodist’s incident command center team navigated this health crisis by ramping up its bed capacity, streamlining treatment algorithms, and optimizing ICU staffing while ensuring adequate supplies of personal protective equipment (PPE), ventilators, and other ICU essentials. A tele–critical-care program and its infrastructure were deployed to meet the demands of the pandemic. Community hospitals played a vital role in creating a collaborative ecosystem for the treatment and referral of critically ill patients. Overall, the healthcare industry’s response to COVID-19 forced ICUs to become more efficient and dynamic, with improved patient safety and better resource utilization. This article provides an experiential account of Houston Methodist’s response to the pandemic and discusses the resulting impact on the function of ICUs.

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar econométricamente los efectos de indicadores científicos e información tecnológica sobre las patentes, los modelos de utilidad y los diseños industriales. Las funciones de producción de conocimiento teórica y empírica de Griliches (1979) y Hausman et al. (1984), respectivamente, fueron la metodología usada como referencia. Panel para datos de conteo a nivel de entidad federativa fue el tratamiento econométrico empleado para estimar los determinantes de la propiedad intelectual. Los hallazgos revelaron que los estados mexicanos que dedican más esfuerzos a la ciencia y las búsquedas tecnológicas, son más propensos a producir propiedad intelectual.

El objetivo es estimar los determinantes del nivel de satisfacción del visitante a partir de atributos en cuatro Pueblos Mágicos (PM) ubicados en la región noroeste de México, Todos Santos y Loreto de Baja California Sur (BCS), El Rosario y Cosalá de Sinaloa. Método: Se adaptó el Modelo de Satisfacción del Turista (MST) de la Secretaría de Turismo de México (SECTUR) y se apoya en la estimación de un modelo Probit bivariado como el enfoque econométrico adecuado para modelar conjuntamente la satisfacción general y la satisfacción de cada atributo a partir de la aplicación de 384 encuestas. Resultados: De acuerdo a la MST el índice de satisfacción de El Rosario es de 7.6, Cosalá de 8.5, Loreto de 8.5 y Todos Santos 8.4. Las variables independientes que conforman los bloques del perfil del turista, los motivos del viaje, experiencia de los servicios, percepción de los servicios y estadía y gasto fueron predictores significativos para los dos tipos de satisfacción. Conclusiones: Los visitantes acuden a PM para pasar el tiempo con fines de esparcimiento, tranquilidad y conocimiento de los lugares por ser atractivos naturales y turísticos. Los sitios estudiados tienen diversas áreas de oportunidad en aspectos como la seguridad, transporte y servicios de recreación. Asimismo, no necesariamente los sitios con mayor afluencia son aquellos donde se evalúa mejor los atributos analizados.

In (Ma and Wang, 2014b), a new set of gravitational field equations are derived based only on 1) the Einstein principle of general relativity, and 2) the principle of interaction dynamics, due to the the presence of dark energy and dark matter. With the field equations, we show that gravity can display both attractive and repulsive behavior, and the dark matter and dark energy are just a property of gravity caused by the nonlinear interactions of the gravitational potential gµν and its dual field. The main objectives of this paper are twofold. The first is to study the PID-induced cosmological model, and to show explicitly, as addressed in (Ma and Wang, 2014a), that 1) dark matter is due to the curvature of space, and 2) dark energy corresponds to the negative pressure generated by the dual gravitational potential in the field equations, and maintains the stability of geometry and large scale structure of the Universe. Second, for the gravitational field outside of a ball of centrally symmetric matter field, there exist precisely two physical parameters dictating the two-dimensional stable manifold of asymptotically flat space-time geometry, such that, as the distance to the center of the ball of the matter field increases, gravity behaves as Newtonian gravity, then additional attraction due to the curvature of space (dark matter effect), and repulsive (dark energy effect). This also clearly demonstrates that both dark matter and dark energy are just a property of gravity. We note that the dark matter property of the gravity and the approximate gravitational interaction formula are consistent with the MOND theory proposed by (Milgrom, 1983); see also (Milgrom, 2014) and the references therein.

Según el modelo de capital humano, la educación es el factor más importante para mejorar los ingresos; los salarios están estrecha y directamente asociados con la escolaridad, entre más sea ésta, mejores serán las percepciones. En el presente artículo se estudia la relación entre salarios, educación y los rendimientos estimados en 10 por ciento, en el ámbito privado, generados por la escolaridad en los estados mexicanos de la frontera norte, que incluyen a Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León y Tamaulipas. Los trabajadores residentes en las ciudades con mayor desarrollo relativo como Tijuana, Mexicali, Ciudad Juárez y Nuevo Laredo, presentan un patrón territorial definido de los ingresos laborales y éstos son mayores, en contraste con las percepciones de los radicados en zonas menos desarrolladas y más lejanas a la frontera norte.