Objective To describe meal consumption habits and assess their associations with anthropometric indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 1,749 elementary and high school students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (mean age=15.3 years), who were selected for the baseline of the Longitudinal Study for Nutritional Assessment of Adolescents. Meal habits and meals consumed in the company of parents were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The consumption of the main meals was categorized as regular (daily) or irregular (≤6 times a week). The meal consumption profile was considered either satisfactory (breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumed on a daily basis) or unsatisfactory. Body Mass Index, waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage were calculated. The association between meal consumption habits and anthropometric indicators was estimated using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for age and sex and stratified according to the type of school. Results Regular lunch consumption was more frequent among private schools students, who also had higher frequency of eating dinner irregularly. Among students from private schools, the unsatisfactory meal consumption profile and irregular meal habits were associated with being overweight, having a high waist-to-height ratio, and increased body fat percentage. Among students from public schools, it was observed association between being overweight with irregular breakfast habits. Conclusion In adolescents, the association between meal habits and weight status may be modulated by socioeconomic condition.
The objective of this study was to assess the agreement between the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index -Revised (BHEI-R), estimated by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and multiple 24-hour recalls (24h-R)
O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a distribuição espacial e acesso a estabelecimentos comerciais de alimentos orgânicos e/ou agroecológicos e a disponibilidade hortifrutícolas não convencionais (HFNC) nestes espaços localizados no município do Rio de Janeiro. Foram coletadas as coordenadas geográficas e preenchido um inventário das espécies de HFNC durante visita aos estabelecimentos. A distribuição espacial foi avaliada a partir do georreferenciamento. Foram visitados 27 estabelecimentos que comercializavam HFNC, entre feiras orgânicas, feiras agroecológicas e espaços de comercialização de movimentos sociais. Observou-se maior concentração dos estabelecimentos nas zonas sul e central, regiões com maior renda e menor população da cidade. Foram mapeadas 105 espécies de HFNC onde as hortaliças herbáceas e as frutas foram as mais frequentes.
RESUMOO conhecimento dos efeitos resultantes de hábitos alimentares infantis colabora para a importância das experiências gustativas na infância. A escola é um dos principais contextos sociais onde indivíduo se insere e é influenciado, tornando-se dessa forma um ambiente favorável às intervenções nutricionais. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica com objetivo de associar as práticas de oficinas culinárias com os hábitos alimentares na primeira infância em instituições de ensino brasileiras. Assim foram identificadas sete publicações que utilizaram oficinas como intervenção com crianças nessa faixa etária. Constatou-se também que a temática é pouco abordada e que carece de pesquisas com resultados a longo prazo. Porém, três das publicações analisadas descreveram resultados positivos a curto prazo. Salientou-se que a escola é o ambiente promissor para ministrar as oficinas e que a primeira infância é a faixa etária mais adequada para esta atividade. Por fim, concluiu-se que a aplicação de oficinas culinárias em escolas brasileiras com crianças é eficiente quanto a influenciar os comportamentos alimentares para escolhas saudáveis.
Objective This study aimed to describe the sensory workshops carried out as part of an intervention study developed in 2018 (Brazil), designed to promote the consumption of vegetables, legumes, and fruits among preschool children aged 4 to 6 years old (n=179). Methods The study comprised three stages: (a) raising awareness among the school staff and parents; (b) collecting data on children’s food consumption; and (c) conducting sensory-based workshops. Through experimentation, children were encouraged to explore the senses of smell, taste, sight, hearing, and touch to learn about foods. Five workshops were held weekly each one corresponding to one of the senses. Participatory and interactive dynamics as well as playful techniques were adopted to stimulate children’s interaction with foods and verbal expression about the experiences. Results Through experimentation, the senses of smell, taste, sight, hearing, and touch were explored, enabling children to learn about food and preparations. Conclusion The low-cost sensory method proved easy to apply and its replication in the school environment to promote healthy eating in preschoolers should be encouraged. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, under the register number RBR-5b6zrg.
BackgroundOne of the largest school feeding programs in the world is the National School Feeding Program of Brazil. However, results from the 2012 National School Health Survey indicated that only 22.8% of 9th grade students in Brazilian public school system consumed school meals. The literature presents few studies aiming to promote healthy food consumption in the school environment from interventions, which found inconclusive results. Thus, this study aims to present a protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of multi-component school-level interventions to increase adherence and acceptance to school feeding.MethodsSchool-based multi-component clinical trial with students from 4th-9h grade from 3 municipal schools of Sumidouro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2019. The study design will be parallel, with 3 arms: Control group (without intervention); Intervention group 1 (changes in school environment) and Intervention group 2 (changes in menu and school environment). Interventions in the environment will be based on the principles of choices architecture and, the modification in the dishes that make up the menus offered to the students, on the factors that contribute to poor adherence and acceptance to school feeding, identified by focus groups. Adherence to school feeding will be assessed through a specific question in the questionnaire directed to the frequency of consuming school meals in the week, applied by researchers in three moments. Acceptance will be assessed from the acceptability test application with dishes served to students during the year. Statistical analyses will be performed using generalized linear models, which will be used to assess the impact of the intervention, and will include 3 main variables: intervention, time and the intervention x time interaction.DiscussionThis study will investigate if the impact of the implementation of interventions in the environment and in the dishes served to students may increase adherence and acceptance to school feeding. Positive results could show the effect of implementing interventions throughout Sumidouro’s public school system, as well as throughout the country, aiming to improve the consumption of school meals.Trial registrationBrazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, RBR-7mf794. Date of registration: December 27, 2018.
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