A growing
interest in the electrochemical conversion of biomass-derived
compounds is attributed to the extremely high sustainability of this
process, which has the potential to generate value-added products
and renewable electricity from biowastes. The design and synthesis
of a high surface area-interconnected porous network of metal nanomaterials
are desirable for their application in the field of catalysis. In
this work, the synthesis of the carbon-supported Ag nanoparticle aerogel
(Ag–aerogel–CN
x
) for electrocatalytic
hydrogenation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) is studied. The conversion
of HMF to 2,5-hexanedione (HD) via ring opening using ambient pressure
and temperature is demonstrated. Here, water is used as the hydrogen
source and silver is used as the metal catalyst, which eliminates
the use of H2 gas and the conventional method of hydrogenation
that uses high pressure and temperature, which makes this reduction
process more practical and efficient to produce HD. We investigated
the most favorable potential for high Faradic efficiency and provided
a plausible reduction path from HMF to HD. The production of HD is
strongly dependent on the cathode potential and the nature of the
electrolyte. The tuning of the cathodic potential can give high Faradic
efficiency and suppress the other undesired byproducts like H2. A high Faradic efficiency of 78% and selectivity of 77%
are observed for the conversion of HMF to HD on Ag–aerogel–CN
x
at −1.1 V versus Ag/AgCl in 0.5 M
H2SO4. This direct six-electron reduction of
HMF to HD can provide a new route to produce valuable intermediates
from biomass.
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-palladium(II) complex (GO@NHC-Pd) was synthesized on graphene oxide (GO) support via a simple and cost-effective multistep approach. The spectroscopic, microscopic, thermal, and surface analyses of GO@NHC-Pd confirmed the successful formation of the catalyst. The investigation of catalytic activity showed that GO@NHC-Pd was very effective in Suzuki-Miyaura as well as Hiyama cross-coupling. Being heterogeneous in nature, GO@NHC-Pd was recovered after each reaction cycle easily and reused for up to nine and six cycles in Suzuki-Miyaura and Hiyama cross-coupling, respectively, without significant loss of activity. Further exploration of the supercapacitor performance of GO@NHC-Pd catalyst assembled in a twoelectrode cell configuration shown a maximum attained capacitance of 105.26 F/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g with good cycling stability of 96.89% over 2,500 cycles.
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