Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) derived sol−gel films have been utilized for the electrochemical polymerization of aniline. The presence of electroactive polyaniline (PANI) within the porous skeleton of the TEOS sol−gel films has been confirmed using cyclic voltammetry, UV−visible, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopic measurements.

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ABSTRACT:The temporal aspects of anion self-exchange in electrochemically prepared polyaniline films have been experimentally investigated. The exchange of bulkier tosylate-ferricyanide ion with Cl 0 ion has been monitored by photometry and electrochemical techniques. The relative changes in porosity brought about by self-exchange have been experimentally determined to be 323 and 2125/k in tosylate-exchanged and ferricyanide-exchanged polyaniline films, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to delineate the surface morphology of polyaniline films. It is seen that the polyaniline films exhibit enhanced loading of glucose oxidase after a self-ion exchange, and, hence, they can be used for the fabrication of a third-generation glucose biosensor.

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An attempt has been made to investigate the electrochromic properties of polycarbazole (PCARB) films. Both the electrochemical current response and optical transmittance of an electrochromic cell fabricated using PCARB electrochemically deposited on an Indium tin oxide (ITO) glass as an anode and platinum as a cathode have been experimentally measured. Current transients observed for colouration and decolouration of PCARB films have been analysed to delineate the mechanism of switching reaction in these semiconducting PCARB films. The response times in various media range from 87 to 208 ms and the life cycle of such PCARB electrodes is about 104 cycles.