Polycarbazole‐film‐coated electrodes as electrochromic devices

Abstract

An attempt has been made to investigate the electrochromic properties of polycarbazole (PCARB) films. Both the electrochemical current response and optical transmittance of an electrochromic cell fabricated using PCARB electrochemically deposited on an Indium tin oxide (ITO) glass as an anode and platinum as a cathode have been experimentally measured. Current transients observed for colouration and decolouration of PCARB films have been analysed to delineate the mechanism of switching reaction in these semiconducting PCARB films. The response times in various media range from 87 to 208 ms and the life cycle of such PCARB electrodes is about 104 cycles.

Color Control in π-Conjugated Organic Polymers for Use in Electrochromic Devices

“…Oxidatively prepared polymers of unsubstituted carbazole ( 351 ) possess a yellow to green switch upon p-doping and can be oxidized at relatively low potentials. , Further functionalizations at the N -position have been shown to induce a slight hypsochromic shift such that nearly clear neutral states can be obtained as demonstrated by work form Chevrot et al on the N -butyl- and N -dodecyl-substituted polymers 352 and 353 switching from colorless (neutral) to green (partially oxidized) to blue (fully oxidized). , With the intention of enhancing the solubility of polycarbazoles in aqueous media, an oligoether substituent was appended to the N -position and the subsequent polymer ( 354 ) was produced chemically and electrochemically in aqueous solution . The corresponding polymer films were found to switch from a highly transmissive neutral state to dark green on p-doping, as did the water-soluble sulfonated analogue 355 introduced over a decade earlier…”

Spectroelectrochemical characterization of isomeric conjugated polymers containing 2,7- and 3,6-carbazole linked by vinylene and ethynylene segments

“…Spectroelectrochemical measurements were performed on an ALS2000 spectrophotometer (Tokyo, Japan) using a quartz cell equipped with a Pt wire as auxiliary electrode, Ag/AgCl as reference electrode and indium-tin oxide/glass (ITO/glass) as transparent working electrodes (2.5 cm  0.7 cm area and resistivity of [8][9][10][11][12]. Before experiments, ITO/glass electrodes were sonicated for 5 min in a mixture of detergent and methanol, and then rinsed with a large amount of distilled water.…”

“…Among all conjugated polymers, carbazole-containing ones have been the subject of a large number of significant studies highlighting some interesting aspects concerning their excellent properties and applications such as thin film transistors, [1][2][3] photovoltaic cells, [4][5][6] memories, 7,8 sensors, electrochromic devices, 9,10 and light-emitting diodes. 11 All these applications usually require the functionalization of the electroactive monomers structure in order to tune the polymers properties such as electronic, optical, conductivity properties, etc.…”

Carbazole-benzothiadiazole-based conjugated copolymers : synthesis, electrochromism and electrofluorochrochromism

“…Firstly, in a complementary ECD, typically the anodically coloring EC layer covers the high energy-band (short wavelength) region while the cathodically coloring EC layer covers the low energy-band (long wavelength) region. to be electrochromic, [19][20][21] exhibiting an absorption peak that can potentially complement that of PEDOT:PSS to cover the whole visible region. It however, has higher oxidation potentials, 22 which do not match well with the potential window of PEDOT:PSS.…”

“…19 Verghese et al showed the detailed studies of electrochromic properties of polycarbazole films. 20,21 Faid et al…”