art world during the twenties, which manages to be fascinating even when it involves only the dry recital of facts about the organization and encouragement of the arts under Lunacharsky's regime. Even though, as the author points out, the Soviet sources for such a study are incomplete and at times misleading, Drengenberg still has much to tell us about such matters as art education, art research, the protection and restoration of art monuments, as well as a kind of "socialist realism before the fact"-^the encouragement during the twenties of monumentalpropaganda, especially in the plastic arts. Appendixes present both documentary material and many interesting photographic reproductions.
Prolonged chemical inhibition is the desired outcome from placing a solid inhibitor in a formation during the fracturing process. Traditionally liquid inhibitors applied through a squeeze have provided inhibition for up to one year and sometimes longer. Deepwater operators, especially, desire longer inhibition periods. This paper reports on new fracture compatible chemistry that has been applied on over five hundred wells for the inhibition of mineral scale. It also reports on similar products for the inhibition of paraffin and asphaltene. These applications have been in deepwater, tight gas and coal bed methane formations. The longest documented treatment has been in the ground for over three and a half years. The highest cumulative water production with acceptable scale inhibitor residuals has been over 1,000,000 bbls of water. Placing a solid chemical inhibitor into the formation via the fracturing process requires a product that is compatible with the fracturing fluid, does not adversely affect conductivity and provides long term inhibition through the controlled release of the inhibitor into the produced fluid. The solid inhibitor is added to the fracturing proppant. Primarily this is a mass-balance process by which a finite amount of inhibitor desorbs over time. The goal is to maximize the inhibitor loading and minimize the chemical release rate without negatively impacting the stimulation. In the treated wells, inorganic and organic deposition has been arrested for extended periods when compared to alternative liquid addition applications. This is a direct result of the placement of the inhibitor in the formation during the fracturing process. All wells have shown inhibition, as measured by produced fluid sample analyses. All operators with deposition potential must undertake significant remedial intervention measures. This new chemical technology extends the life of a chemical inhibitor placement beyond traditional expectations. The advancement of this technology has reduced deposition-related failures and reduced well intervention costs. Introduction This paper presents a production chemical technology that is added as a solid particle to the proppant in a hydraulic fracture. The purpose of the addition is to provide long term inhibition of scale, paraffin or asphaltene. Current research is underway to develop salt and corrosion inhibitors adsorbed onto a solid particle. By adding the product during the fracture, the chemicals are present at the initial point of pressure drop in the formation that occurs at the fracture/formation interface. By inhibiting at the initial point of potential mineral or organic deposition, the fluid is protected throughout the time spent in the formation, at the near well bore, in the production tubulars and through the surface facilities. The mitigation or elimination of down hole deposition reduces LOE (lease operating expense) and reduces NPT (non-productive time), thus improving lease economics. A fracture fluid has several functions, all of which need to be accomplished within a relatively short time. The fluid must offer viscosity and then break the viscosity. It must control fluid leak off. It must maintain a prescribed pH range in order to achieve the viscosity. Any additional component added to a fracture fluid must be examined for any potential distortion of the primary functionality of the fluid. For that reason all solid production chemicals added to the fracture must be examined for fluid compatibility.
An artist-led exploration of portrait accuracy and likeness involved 12 Artists producing 12 portraits referencing a life-size 3D print of the same Sitter. The works were assessed during a public exhibition, and the resulting likeness assessments were compared to portrait accuracy as measured using geometric morphometrics (statistical shape analysis). Our results are that, independently of the assessors' prior familiarity with the Sitter's face, the likeness judgements tended to be higher for less morphologically accurate portraits. The two highest rated were the portrait that most exaggerated the Sitter's distinctive features, and a portrait that was a more accurate (but not the most accurate) depiction. In keeping with research showing photograph likeness assessments involve recognition, we found familiar assessors rated the two highest ranked portraits even higher than those with some or no familiarity. In contrast, those lacking prior familiarity with the Sitter's face showed greater favour for the portrait with the highest morphological accuracy, and therefore most likely engaged in face-matching with the exhibited 3D print. Furthermore, our research indicates that abstraction in portraiture may not enhance likeness, and we found that when our 12 highly diverse portraits were statistically averaged, this resulted in a portrait that is more morphologically accurate than any of the individual artworks comprising the average.
The Marcellus waters of Pennsylvania and West Virginia commonly contain elevated levels of calcium, barium, and iron. Theoretical analyses of these waters indicate a propensity toward the formation of calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, and iron-related scales. The high level of dissolved iron commonly present in the water adversely affects the ability of the scale inhibitor to inhibit calcium carbonate scale. In this study, the inhibition performance of two new chemicals and some commercial products was evaluated under static and dynamic test conditions using synthetic Marcellus waters at varying iron concentrations. It was shown that both new chemicals were able to control calcium carbonate scale effectively in the presence of dissolved iron up to 200 ppm, whereas the performance of polycarboxylic acid, amino tri(methylene phosphonic) acid, and carboxymethyl inulin dropped sharply even in the presence of small amounts of Fe 2+ (5 ppm). The inclusion of iron-sequestering agents with these chemicals and the effect of iron upon calcium sulfate inhibition are also discussed in this paper.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . University of California Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to 19th-Century Music. Theosophy, that particular brand of fin-desiccle occultism preached by Madame Helena Petrovna Blavatsky [Blavatskaia] (1831-91), has generally been identified as the decisive influence on Skriabin's formulation of a personal creative doctrine. Certainly he found something congenial in Blavatsky's mystic creed: "La Clef de la theosophie is a remarkable book," he confided to his lover in 1905, "you'll be astonished how close it is to my thinking."l He also read and re-read Blavatsky's La Doctrine secrete about the same aSkriabin to Tatiana Shletser [Schloezer], 25 April/8 May 1905, in A. Skriabin, Pis'ma [Letters], ed. A. V. Kashperov (Moscow, 1965), p. 369. Because the Julian calendar was retained in Russia until after the Bolshevik Revolution, all dates are shown in both Old and New Style, with the Julian dates first. Skriabin, who traveled freely in and out of Russia, sometimes used one form and sometimes used the other; occasionally, indeed, he used both forms on the same letter.
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