Sugarcane development in Indonesia has been done primarily on dry lands. Therefore developing varieties more suitable to dry-agro-ecological conditions is being attempted as it is easily applicable and economically feasible. This study aimed at assessing the yield of 18 potential sugarcane clones, resulting from crosses with parents which have high productivity. This study used Cenning variety as a control. The research was conducted at Karangploso experimental garden Malang, from October 2019 to September 2020. The research used a randomized block design with four replications. The experimental plot was designed with five rows (5 m length) and rows distance at 110 cm. The evaluation was carried out on the growth and production component. The results showed that genotypes affected the performances of growth and yield characters. All of the clones showed good performances in growth. Clones MLG 18/21/14, MLG 18/42/15 and MLG 18/41/5 had productivity 21.08-34.86 (t/ha) and sucrose content 21.79-38.44 (%) higher than control. The three clones select as promising clones for sugarcane development in dry-agro-ecological land with higher productivity yields.

ABSTRAKUntuk mendukung pengembangan suatu komoditas, diperlukan varietas-varietas unggul berdaya hasil tinggi. Kegiatan penelitian uji daya hasil aksesi-aksesi plasma nutfah rosela herbal telah dilakukan di Muktiharjo, Kabupaten Pati mulai bulan Januari-Juni 2011. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan beberapa aksesi unggul yang berpotensi tinggi di lahan kering. Sebanyak 25 aksesi plasma nutfah diuji daya hasilnya dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) diulang dua kali. Benih ditanam dengan jarak tanam 100 cm x 50 cm pada plot berukuran 10 m x 5 m. Pemupukan dan pemeliharaan lainnya sesuai dengan standar budi daya untuk tanaman rosela herbal. Parameter pengamatan terdiri atas: jumlah kapsul per tanaman, bobot 100 kelopak kering, produksi kapsul segar, produksi kelopak segar, dan produksi kelopak kering per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas tertinggi dicapai oleh delapan aksesi yaitu 677, 675, 679, 681, 682, 684, 689, dan 671, dengan produksi kelopak kering masing-masing sebesar: 676,0; 605,5; 540,0; 463,5; 427,5; 385,5; 420,0; dan 414,0 kg/ha. Ada korelasi positif yang sangat nyata pada karakter jumlah kapsul per tanaman dengan produksi kapsul per hektar, produksi kelopak segar per hektar dan produksi kelopak kering per hektar dengan nilai korelasi masing-masing sebesar 0,725; 0,617; dan 0,584. Korelasi yang sangat nyata juga terdapat pada karakter produksi kapsul dengan produksi kelopak segar dan kelopak kering, karakter produksi kelopak segar dengan produksi kelopak kering per ha, serta bobot 100 kelopak kering dengan produksi kelopak kering per ha dengan nilai korelasi masing-masing: 0,978; 0,907; 0,939; dan 0,502.Kata kunci: Rosela herbal, Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa, aksesi, uji daya hasil, kapsul, kelopak bunga, plasma nutfah, varietas ABSTRACTTo support herbal roselle development in the future, the availability of new high-yield varieties were required. Screening of 25 herbal roselle accessions have been carried out on dry land Muktiharjo, Pati District started in January-June 2011. The purpose of this study was to obtain some superior high-potential accessions suitable for dry land. The screening used a randomized block design (RBD) with two replicates. Seeds were planted with a spacing of 100 cm x 50 cm on a plot measuring 10 m x 5 m. Fertilizing and other maintenance in accordance with the standards for the cultivation of herbal roselle plant. Parameter observed consist of number of capsules per plant, weight of 100 dry petals, fresh capsule production, fresh petals production, and dried petals production per hectare. The results showed that eight accessions consistently showed productivity of dried roselle calyx higher than two varieties used as a control. Those accessions were no: 677, 679, 675, 681, 682, 684, 689, and 671, with the production of dried petals ranged between 385-676 kg/ha. There is a positive correlation between the number of capsules per plant with a production of capsules per hectare, production per hectare of fresh petals and dried petals, producti...

Progeny identification is the important step that should be done after hybridization. However, polyploidy, aneuploidy and the high chromosome segregation in sugarcane which results various phenotypic characteristics variation and environmental effects become limiting factors to identify the progenies based on morphological characteristic. Microsatellite as one of molecular marker which has codominance inheritance, multiallelic, abundant in the genome and does not influenced by environmental factor is the best tool to asses the crossing fidelity accurately. This research aimed to identify the possibility of genetic marker of Saccharum spp. and Erianthus sp. on their hybrid using microsatellite molecular marker. This study was carried out in Molecular Genetic laboratory, Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ISFCRI) Malang, from August 2016 to July 2017. Eighty-six (86) F1 intraspecific and interspecific progeny, three commercial sugarcane varieties (PSJT941, PS881 and VMC7616) and two wild types (S. spontaneum dan Erianthus sp.) were assessed genetically by three microsatellite markers. Identification of microsatellite genetic markers was conducted by comparing the visualization band results from electrophoresis of each male and female parent through their progenies. All primers could identify Saccharum spp. and Erianthus sp. genetic markers. There were one to eleven Saccharum spp. and Erianthus sp. genetic markers could be identified such as 2-11 PS881-specific alleles; 2-3 VMC7616-specific alleles; 1-5 PSJT941-specific alleles; two S. spontaneum-specific alleles and 1-2 Erianthus-specific alleles. These findings could be used as the advance genetic marker of microsatellite in sugarcane breeding to asses the cross fidelity.

More than 40% of the potential gap of varieties of sugarcane with actual results in the field is one of the causes of sugar self-sufficiency in Indonesia which has not been reached. The limited knowledge about the responsiveness of  early maturity sugarcane varieties to ferlization is one of the factors causing the large gap. The study aims to determine the responsiveness of new superior early maturity sugarcane varieties conducted in Janti Village, Kediri during July 2018 – August 2019. The study was arranged in a split plot design and repeated 3 times. The main plot consists of 5 fertilizing doses (0.9; 1.0; 1.1; 1.2, and 1.3 times the recommended dose). The subplots consists of 6 new varieties of early maturity sugarcane (MLG 5, MLG 9, MLG 14, PSMLG 2, PSMLG 1, and PS 881). Regression analysis is used to determine the form of response. The optimum dose was determined using the first derivative for closed quadratic equations and was determined > 1.3 times for positive linear equations. Varieties were grouped based on their optimum dose into five groups (no response, little response, sufficient response, more response, and very responsive). The results showed that the MLG 5, PSMLG 1, and PS 881 were classified as sufficient response, while MLG 9, MLG 14, and PSMLG 2 were classified as very responsive to fertilization.

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Nematoda Puru Akar (Meloidogyne spp.) pada tanaman kenaf dikenal sebagai salah satu organisme pengganggu tanaman yang merugikan. Infeksi NPA pada akar menyebabkan tanaman tumbuh kerdil dan potensi produksi menurun. Pewarisan sifat ketahanan kenaf terhadap NPA M. incognita dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan enam populasi (P1, P2, F1, F2 BC1P1 dan BC1P2). Genotip (Kenafindo Agribun 2 = Kin2) yang memiliki ketahanan sangat rentan terhadap NPA M. incognita digunakan sebagai tetua betina dan genotip (Karangploso 15= KR15) yang toleran sebagai tetua jantan. Sifat ketahanan kenaf terhadap NPA M. incognita didasarkan pada variabel jumlah puru, faktor reproduksi, jumlah juvenil instar 2, jumlah massa telur dan jumlah telur per massa telur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ketahanan kenaf terhadap NPA M. incognita menunjukkan tidak dipengaruhi oleh tetua betina. Jumlah gen ketahanan dikendalikan oleh satu gen. arakter ketahanan kenaf terhadap NPA M. incognita dikendalikan oleh gen dominan positif sebagian. Aksi gen pengendali ketahanan terhadap NPA M. incognita adalah aditif-dominan. Nilai heritabilitas arti luas dan nilai heritabilitas dalam arti sempit pada seluruh variabel ketahanan kenaf terhadap NPA M. incognita tergolong tinggi.

Magetan tobacco is one type of tobacco that has an important role in the kretek cigarette industry in Indonesia. Some tobacco varieties have been widely cultivated in the Magetan Regency, but the level of plant heterogeneity is quite high. The purpose of this study was to assess the yield, stability and adaptability of varieties that developed in Magetan Regency. The research material consists of 7 tobacco varieties, namely Rejeb 1, Rejeb 2, Rejeb 3, Rejeb 4, Rejeb 5, Rejeb 6, and Rejeb 7. Each variety was planted in a 12 m x 4.50 m plot with a spacing of 60 cm x 90 cm (100 plants / plot). This study used a randomized block design with three replications. The stability of the results was analyzed by the Eberhart and Russell methods. The results showed that Rejeb 4 cultivar gave the highest and stable yield of 598.89 kg / ha, higher than all cultivars tested. This is in line with the quality index and plant index values, where the Rejeb 4 variety gave the highest value in five test locations (63.65 and 38.34). Subsequently followed by cultivars Rejeb 3, Rejeb 2, and Rejeb 1 which have dynamic stability and adaptability values.

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