Rotavirus is the major cause of severe diarrhea in young children worldwide. In countries like Croatia, where rotavirus vaccine has not been introduced in the national immunization program, prospective surveillance is necessary to establish the diversity of rotavirus strains. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and geographical distribution of rotavirus strains in Croatia and to detect the possible emergence of novel strains. Methods: The study was conducted among children 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis at three hospitals located in different geographical regions of Croatia, during the years 2012 to 2014. Rotavirus was detected in stools using an immunochromatographic assay and then sent for further molecular analysis. Results: Genotyping of 822 rotaviruses showed that the predominant circulating strain was G1P[8] (61.9%), followed by G2P[4] (19.5%), G1P[4] (3.9%), and G3P [8] (2.9%). A high prevalence of reassortants among common human rotavirus genotypes was detected (7.7%). Possible zoonotic reassortants were found, including G8 and G6 strains. The latter is described for the first time in Croatia. Conclusions: This study represents pre-vaccination data that are important for decisions regarding immunization strategies in Croatia. The high prevalence of 'common' rotavirus strains circulating in Croatia may advocate for rotavirus vaccine introduction, but further surveillance is necessary to monitor the possible emergence of novel genotypes.

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FIGURE 1. Brain MRI showing increased signal intensity of bilateral temporo-occipital cortex and narrower sulci in coronal T2 sequence (arrows).FIGURE 2. Axial brain MRI (in BLADE sequence) showing signal-intensity changes of the external capsule (arrows in A) and dorsal parts of posterior limbs of the internal capsule (arrow in B).

IgE is 268IU/ml. Specific IgE to Tomato-0.02, Strawberry-0.01, Kiwi fruit-0.03, . Thyroid function test, MRI brain were normal. Investigations performed for Wilson's disease, which were unremarkable. Coeliac screen was normal. Hereditary angioedema scree is normal There was no record of basal serum tryptase level. Treatment Initial diagnosis of idiopathic anaphylaxis made. Later with new neurological and eye symptoms, diagnosis of mast cell activation syndrome suspected, and he was started on trial of oral sodium cromoglycate capsules.In next clinic follow up, his symptoms were completely resolved and feedback from school was excellent in terms of concentration. Discussion Symptoms of allergic disorders are very wide. Mast cell activation syndrome especially with multisystem involvement should be a differential to Idiopathic Anaphylaxis.

and 1 had methylmalonic aciduria). Average duration of neutropenia was 6,43 months while average age at diagnosis was 19,6 months. During this study 227 (78,82%) examinees were cured, 34 (11,81%) were still being followed up and for 27 (9,38%) of them we didn't know outcome. 39,24% neutropenias were acute and 56,25% were chronic. According to the severity of neutropenia the distribution was 60,42% -26,39% -12,85% (severe, moderate, mild). Average duration of neutropenia in cases of severe neutropenia (ANC < 0,5 x 10 9 /l) was 9,14 months, in moderate neutropenia (ANC = 0,5-1,0 x 10 9 /l) 4,09 months and in mild neutropenia (ANC > 1,0 x 10 9 /l) 1,64 months. We recorded infection during neutropenia in 232 (80,56%) examinees while 88 (30,56%) had noted infections before the onset of neutropenia. Conclusion This study showed that 97,57% children had benign neutropenia and 78,82% were spontaneously cured during the research which are encouraging results. We noted that children with mild neutropenias and those who had no recorded infections during neutropenia had shorter average duration of neutropenia. In conclusion, most neutropenias of the early childhood are benign and have favorable outcome.