-Passiflora cincinnata Mast. has become more popular in the market because the unusual flavor of its fruits and natural beauty of its flowers, and has great potential for breeding programs of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, because its resistance to diseases and drought. The objective of this work was to evaluate seven wild passion fruit (P. cincinnata) accessions, using morphological and agronomic descriptors and molecular markers type ISSR, to identify their morphoagronomic and genetic variabilities and potential for use in breeding programs. A randomized block experimental design was used with five replications and two plants per plot. Thirteen qualitative and twenty-one quantitative, vegetative and floral characteristics were used for morphoagronomic characterization. Twelve ISSR primers were evaluated for molecular characterization. Among the qualitative characteristics, only the color variations were significantly different between the accessions. According to the mean squares of the quantitative characteristics evaluated, obtained from analysis of variance, the means of accessions showed significant differences (p<0.01) for all characteristics. The IAL (internode average length) was the morphological descriptor that most contributed to diversity, with 43.12%, followed by DH5 (stem diameter at 5 cm height) and SW (sepal width). The average genetic similarity found was 68%. Despite the low genetic variability found among accessions, the primers UBC-887 and UBC-841 stood out with high percentage of polymorphism with 14 and 11 polymorphic fragments, respectively, and higher values of polymorphism information content (PIC), resolving power (RP) and marker index (MI), denoting suitability for use in diversity studies of P. cincinnata. Low variability was found among accessions evaluated.Keywords: Genetic Resour ces. Plant Br eeding. ISSR. Passiflor aceae. DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA EM ACESSOS DE Passiflora cincinnata Mast. BASEADA EM DESCRITORES MORFOAGRONÔMICOS E MARCADORES MOLECULARESRESUMO -A espécie Passiflora cincinnata Mast. vem se popularizando no mercado pelo sabor incomum dos seus frutos, beleza natural de sua flores e possui grande potencial para a cultura de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, pois apresenta resistência a doenças e déficit hídrico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar sete acessos de maracujá-do-mato (P. cincinnata) por meio de descritores morfológicos, descritores agronômicos e marcadores moleculares do tipo ISSR visando identificar variabilidade morfoagronômica e genética e o potencial para serem utilizados em programas de melhoramento. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições e duas plantas por parcela. Para caracterização morfoagronômica foram avaliadas 13 características qualitativas e 21 características quantitativas vegetativas e florais. Para caracterização molecular foram testados 12 primers de ISSR. Entre as características qualitativas apenas as variações de coloração apresentaram diferenças marcantes entre os diferentes acessos. De...
Foram conduzidos estudos para seleção de temperatura, meio de cultura e tempo de incubação ideais para germinação de grãos de pólen do maracujá-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa), com a finalidade de adequar o método de avaliação da interferência de agrotóxicos. A temperatura de 28 + 0,5ºC e o meio com 50 g/L de sacarose; 0,2 g/L de ácido bórico e 1,0 g/L de nitrato de cálcio forneceram as melhores condições para germinação dos grãos de pólen do maracujazeiro. Não detectou-se efeito significativo do tempo de incubação (17 e 48 horas) na germinação dos grãos de pólen. A percentagem de germinação dos grãos de pólen não foi prejudicada pelo acaricida Dicofol + Tetradifon e pelos inseticidas Cartap, Fenpropathrin e Abamectin. Os demais agrotóxicos afetaram a germinação dos grãos de pólen. Os inseticidas Malathion, Fenthion, Trichlorfon, Vamidothion, Deltamethrine, Parathion Methyl e o espalhante adesivo N-dodecil benzeno de sulfato de sódio reduziram moderadamente a germinação, enquanto o Ethion e o Lambdacyhalothrin interferiram severamente na germinação dos grãos de pólen.
EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF ORANGE VARIETIES IN BREJÃO-EP COLLECTIONABSTRACT -Studies on citrus table fruits still has little expression in the country. This study aimed to analyze the morphological and the physical, physico-chemical and chemical characteristics of plants and fruits of 15 varieties of oranges, courtesy of the National Research Center for Cassava and Fruit (Embrapa -CNPMF), and planted at the Experimental Station of the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, Brejão-PE. It was evaluated: stem diameter above and below the graft and the relationship between them, crown diameter, plant height and canopy volume. In fruits evaluations consisted of: format, epicarp color, fruit weight and height, juice weight, , fruit diameter, thickness of mesocarp and endocarp, number of seeds per fruit and juice yield. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and one plant per plot. For the qualitative aspect of the fruits it was used the same design, they were evaluated by 12 descriptors. Only six of the studied varieties of oranges are within the requirements of the Brazilian Program for the Modernization of Horticulture and five varieties of oranges showed different maturation from those described in the literature
RESUMO -O umbuzeiro é uma frutífera importante para o nordeste do Brasil porque está sendo utilizada em áreas de reflorestamento e tem potencial econômico. Entretanto, existe uma lacuna a respeito das técnicas de propagação desta cultura, etapa crucial para o bom desenvolvimento da planta. Nesse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de substratos alternativos sobre o crescimento de porta-enxerto de umbuzeiro e sobre atributos de fertilidade e populações microbianas dessas misturas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com dez tratamentos: TA= solo + areia (1:1); A= areia; ECSC= esterco caprino + Plantmax® (1:3); EBSC= esterco bovino + Plantmax ® (1:3); ECA= esterco caprino + areia (1:3); EBA= esterco bovino + areia(1:3); ECBSC= esterco caprino + esterco bovino + Plantmax ® (1:1:3); ECBA = esterco caprino + esterco bovino + areia (1:1:3); HSC = húmus + Plantmax ® (1:3) e HA = húmus + areia (1:3), com quatro repetições. A adição de resíduos promoveu uma melhoria na qualidade da produção de porta-enxerto de umbuzeiro, principalmente quando adicionados ao substrato comercial que é a base de matéria orgânica de origem vegetal e vermiculita expandida. Com a análise multivariada de agrupamento perceberam-se três grupos de similaridade. Recomenda-se a utilização de húmus de minhoca ou esterco caprino adicionado ao substrato comercial na produção de porta-enxerto de umbuzeiro. Palavras MICROBIAL POPULATION, NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY, AND GROWTH OF UMBU ON SUBSTRATES WITH ORGANIC RESIDUESABSTRACT -The umbu is an important fruit for the northeast of Brazil because it is being used in reforestation areas and has great economic potential. However, there is a gap on propagation techniques of this culture that is a crucial step for the successful of plant development. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of alternative substrate on the growth of umbu rootstock, fertility attributes, and microbial populations of these mixtures.The experimental design was completely randomized with 10 treatments: TA = soil + sand (1:1); A = sand; ECSC = goat manure + Plantmax ® (1:3); EBSC = manure + Plantmax ® (1:3); ECA = goat manure + sand (1:3); EBA = manure + sand (1:3); ECBSC = manure + goat manure + Plantmax ® (1:1:3); ECBA = manure + goat manure + sand (1:1:3); HSC = humus + Plantmax ® (1:3) and HA = humus + sand (1:3),with four replications. The addition of residues promoted the quality of the umbu rootstock, especially when mixed with a commercial substrate composed of vegetable organic matter and expanded vermiculite. With multivariate clustering, three groups acknowledged a similarity between the substrate mixtures. The use of humus or goat manure mixed with the commercial substrate is recommended for the production of umbu rootstock.
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