Polymeric materials are advised to be used in the construction of operating devices for energy-saving soil cultivation. Purpose of work is to develop the design of new operating devices with polymer materials. Development of the design of new operating devices with polymeric materials is carried out by replacing part of the metal parts with ultra-high molecular polyethylene of low density. New operating devices carry out several technological operations in one pass. The design of the new operating device contains a rack with a chisel for deep tillage. The front of the rack is equipped with removable plowshare blades. Clod crusher with a possibility of movement and thrust plate are located at the chisel. In the upper part of the rack the ripper for surface tillage is mounted with the possibility of replacing. Ultra-high molecular polyethylene of low-density was installed on the chisel and clod crusher of the tillage operating device, the thrust plate and the ripper for surface tillage are made entirely of polymeric material. Decrease to 18.28% of draught resistance of the operating device with polymeric materials was established.
The development of the agricultural sector and the entire national economy of Russia at the present stage is determined by the key realities of globalization trends and the mechanism of adaptation to them. The current confrontation of the interests of world powers under the influence of sanctions against Russia, which is a new form of global political and economic transformation, requires increased use of tools and mechanisms for state regulation of socio-economic processes, the main of which is strategic planning. The system of state planning has always been and remains the most important tool for justifying agricultural policy, both at the Federal and regional levels, which determines the search for the main trajectory of economic development of agricultural production sectors. The article deals with the deep causes of the protracted systemic crisis in the agricultural sector of the country’s economy. It is revealed that the lack of effective science-based tools of the state management system is becoming the main factor hindering the development of the country’s agricultural production sector. It is established that in the new Russian reality, state management of the agricultural sector of the economy should be based on its key function – strategic planning. The necessity of implementing a systematic campaign in planning is justified. Methodological aspects of the development and implementation of program-target planning in agriculture in Russia allowed us to identify the main shortcomings of the modern practice of planning and forecasting. The necessity of developing a strategy for the development of agriculture in the new macroeconomic conditions is justified. The developed model of a modern strategic planning system based on an integrated approach, including concepts, forecasts, economic orientation, plans, programs, excludes the possibility of fragmented planning and forecast management of the agricultural sector of the economy.
This research was carried out to examine the effect of various volumes (0.5, 0.75, 1.5 and 2 mL) of the frozen sample on cryopreservation of sturgeon sperm and also the possibility of using the method of vitrification of sperm under deep low-temperature cooling in the form of thin films on nets. The object of the study was the spermatozoa of the Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt, 1833) and the Siberian sturgeon of the Lena population (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869). There is a direct relationship between the volume of frozen material and the survival rate of defrosted sperm. With the increase in freeze sample preservation frozen-melted cells is falling, as is the range of cooling rate to freeze the sample, in which the majority of cells are frozen at a speed different from the optimal values. When cryopreservation of a sperm smear in the form of a thin film, the analysis of cell movement activity after defrosting showed the suitability of such sperm for use in the fish-breeding process. The highest life time of the sperm as it was observed during the freezing of the films on the plastic samples.
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