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Introduction The Swiss HCVree Trial (NCT 02785666) was conducted in 2015-2017 with the goal of implementing a population-based systematic hepatitis C (HCV) micro-elimination program among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV enrolled in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). The trial led to a 91% and 77% decline of HCV prevalence and incidence, respectively. The long-term effect of this HCV micro-elimination program is yet to be explored. Methods All MSM enrolled in the SHCS were screened for HCV RNA using stored plasma samples obtained in 2019, termed “Swiss HCVree Post” screen. The incidence of HCV infection over time was assessed using additional information on HCV testing routinely collected in the SHCS. Characteristics of participants with replicating HCV infection were analyzed. Results The point-prevalence of “Swiss HCVree Post” (N = 4641) was 0.6%, reflecting a decline of 48% compared to the end of the Swiss HCVree Trial where the prevalence was 1.2%. Further, the incidence of HCV among MSM in the SHCS declined from 0.31/100 person-years (py) (95%-confidence interval (CI) = [0.17,0.55]) in 2017 to 0.19/100 py (95%-CI = [0.09,0.39]) in 2019. Conclusion A systematic HCV RNA-based screening among MSM living with HIV conducted two years after the Swiss HCVree Trial revealed a sustained effect and further decline of the prevalence and incidence of replicating HCV infection. This indicates that the Swiss HCVree Trial was successful in curbing the HCV epidemic among MSM living with HIV in Switzerland.

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Background and Aim Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) may present with autoimmune features and require immunosuppressive therapy (IST) to reach biochemical response. Discontinuation of IST without hepatitis relapse may be more frequent in these patients as compared to patients with classical autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We aimed to determine baseline characteristics and outcome of patients with immune‐mediated drug induced liver injury (IMDILI) with particular emphasis on IST during follow‐up. Methods We performed a single‐center retrospective study of consecutive patients presenting at a tertiary care center between January 2005 and December 2019 either with IMDILI or with classical AIH, for whom full baseline characteristics and a close follow‐up were available over a 12‐month period. Results Overall, 31 patients (IMDILI n = 16, mean age 59 [34–74] years; AIH n = 15, mean age 47 [15–61] years) were included, showing similar biochemical, serological, and histological characteristics. Incriminating drugs in IMDILI patients were mostly represented by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and sartans. Initial corticosteroids combined with IST led to biochemical response in all patients. Compared to idiopathic AIH, more patients with IMDILI were weaned off corticosteroids at the end of follow‐up (11/16 [68.7%] vs 4/15 [26.6%], P < 0.02). At 1 year of follow‐up, more patients in the IMDILI group compared to the classical AIH group were off any type of IST (13/16 [81%] vs 15/15 [100%], P = 0.08). Conclusions Although presenting with similar baseline biochemical and histological characteristics as idiopathic AIH, patients with IMDILI may not require long‐term IST.

RésuméL’hépatite virale est une problématique de santé publique majeure contre laquelle l’organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) a proposé de nombreuses stratégies pour son élimination. Malgré de nombreuses avancées thérapeutiques, il reste des freins pour atteindre les objectifs ambitieux proposés par l’OMS. Concernant le virus de l’hépatite B (VHB), un effort doit être fourni pour promouvoir la vaccination universelle et réduire le risque de transmission materno-fœtale. La recherche d’un traitement curatif est également à considérer et nous passerons brièvement en revue les avancées dans ce domaine.L’élimination du virus de l’hépatite C (VHC) rencontre des difficultés différentes. En effet, malgré la disponibilité d’un traitement antiviral efficace dirigé contre le VHC, les données récentes montrent que seulement 5 % de la population mondiale diagnostiquée aurait bénéficié d’un traitement. Les stratégies actuelles doivent axer leurs efforts sur l’accès au circuit de soin pour les patients virémiques. Une autre difficulté réside dans le suivi des patients guéris avec des recommandations de suivi encore débattues.Cette revue passera rapidement en revue les avancées récentes concernant les virus de l’hépatite B et C.

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