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A resistência à tração e o diâmetro são características de grande importância na avaliação da qualidade de fios de sutura, estando relacionados à capacidade destes de suportar o estresse promovido pelas forças atuantes em determinados tecidos. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as propriedades mecânica e dimensional de fios de sutura à base de quitosana, comparando-as com as preconizadas pela norma NBR 13904/2003. Tais propriedades foram avaliadas usando-se uma máquina de ensaio universal e um micrômetro digital. Os parâmetros mecânico e dimensional analisados foram a resistência quanto à tração, a deformação, bem como o diâmetro, respectivamente. O valor médio do diâmetro dos fios de quitosana apresentou variação e observou-se resistência à tração ligeiramente abaixo da norma preconizada, com rápida deformação. O fio de quitosana, na forma em que foi produzido, apresentou variabilidade dimensional e baixa resistência à tração, havendo a necessidade de melhorias no método de fabricação dele. A quitosana é um biopolímero hidrofílico obtido da quitina, que é um dos polissacarídeos mais abundantes na natureza, extraído da casca de crustáceos ou, ainda, da parede celular de alguns fungos (Neto-Spin et al., 2008).Recebido em 23 de julho de 2016 Aceito em 9 de setembro de 2016 E-mail: lane.p@hotmail.com Os biomateriais à base de quitosana constituem uma classe que vem se destacando, apresentando propriedades usualmente aplicáveis em vários campos biomédicos. Assim, vários estudos têm sido realizados utilizando-se a quitosana na produção de diversos materiais especializados, tais como géis, pomadas, filmes, materiais para bandagens, soluções e fios de sutura, principalmente com modificações químicas e http://dx

P.I. 2019. Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 39 (3): [214][215][216][217][218][219][220]. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and recovery from anesthesia promoted by the tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) combination administered intravenously (IV) continuously in bitches pre-medicated with acepromazine. Eight cross-bred, clinically healthy bitches weighing 13.7 ±1.9kg on average were used in this study. After a food fast of 12 h and a water fast of four hours, the animals were treated with acepromazine (0.1mg/kg, intramuscular) and, after 15 minutes, anesthesia was induced with a combination of tiletamine-zolazepam (2mg/kg, IV) immediately followed by continuous IV infusion thereof at a dose of 2mg/kg/h for 60 min. The following parameters were measured in all animals immediately before administration of acepromazine (M15), immediately before anesthetic induction (M0), and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min after initiation of continuous infusion (M5, M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, and M60): electrocardiography (ECG), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT), and arterial hemogasometry, with the last performed only at experimental times M15, M0, M30, and M60. A subcutaneous electrical stimulator was used to evaluate the degree of analgesia. Myorelaxation and quality of anesthetic recovery were also assessed, classifying these parameters as excellent, good, and poor. Anesthetic recovery time was recorded in minutes. HR increased significantly at time M10 in relation to that at M-15, and at times M5, M10, M40, and M50 in relation to that at M0. MAP decreased significantly at M20 and M30 compared with the baseline. BT decreased significantly at M50 compared with that at M0, but no hypothermia was observed. RR showed significant reduction at M5, M10, and M20 in relation to that at M-15, and at M5 and M10 in relation to that at M0, and bradypnoea was observed during the first 20 min after anesthetic induction. Significant decreases in the PR interval at times M10, M40, and M50 were observed in relation to that at M15. Amplitude of the R wave showed significant decrease at M20 compared with that at M-15. In the other ECG parameters, no significant difference was observed between the times evaluated. Hemogasometric parameters and analgesia did not show significant alterations. Myorelaxation and quality of anesthetic recovery were considered excellent. Recovery time was 15.1±7.7 min for positioning of sternal decubitus and 45.5±23.1 minutes for return of ambulation. Continuous IV administration of TZ combination does not produce satisfactory analgesia and does not cause severe cardiorespiratory and hemogasometric effects in bitches pre-medicated with acepromazine.

Objetivou-se neste trabalho descrever uma malformação congênita observada em neonato canino atendido em um Hospital Veterinário Escola. O feto apresentava alterações macroscópicas de gastrosquise e toracosquise. Devido ao grande defeito anatômico observado no neonato canino do presente estudo e as escassas informações na literatura de como proceder com essas malformações congênitas na medicina veterinária bem como a falha no tratamento de suporte neonatal, optou-se pela eutanásia do feto. Por se tratar de uma malformação congênita, a gastrosquise e toracosquise apresentam tratamento limitado, sugerindo a necessidade de estudos sobre o desenvolvimento embrionário, a eficiência de técnicas cirúrgicas aplicáveis e tratamento de suporte neonatal adequado, a fim de garantir um bom prognóstico para os pacientes portadores.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influencia do banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico e da tricotomia pré-operatória na redução da contagem microbiana da pele do campo operatório, bem como a eficiência antisséptica do gluconato de clorexidina 0,5% e da polivinilpirrolidona iodada 10% para antissepsia do sítio cirúrgico, verificando sua ação 4 minutos e 2 horas após aplicação. Utilizaram-se 20 cadelas hígidas, alocadas ao acaso em 2 grupos de 10 animais: os animais do Grupo I foram submetidos ao banho 24 horas antes do procedimento cirúrgico, enquanto os do Grupo II não passaram por este procedimento. Foram isolados diversos gêneros bacterianos antes e após o uso dos antissépticos. Significância estatística foi verificada entre os grupos quanto ao efeito do banho prévio à cirurgia, apenas 2 horas após a aplicação de clorexidina. A tricotomia reduziu 26,48% da carga microbiana nos animais do Grupo I e elevou a carga microbiana em 41,19% nos animais do Grupo II, revelando diferença estatística. Após o uso dos antissépticos, não foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos em nenhum momento. Do mesmo modo, a comparação da eficiência dos antissépticos com ou sem banho, não revelou significância estatística. A polivinilpirrolidona iodada causou reação alérgica em 15% dos animais e não foi observada irritação cutânea causada pela clorexidina. Conclui-se que o banho prévio tem efeito na redução da carga bacteriana apenas após 2 horas de antissepsia com clorexidina; a tricotomia é mais eficaz na redução microbiana quando o animal é submetido ao banho e os dois antissépticos são igualmente eficazes na antissepsia cirúrgica por até 2 horas quer o animal tome banho ou não previamente à cirurgia.

The analgesia and cardiopulmonary changes provided by methadone or morphine, by epidural route, were compared in female dogs undergoing to ovariohysterectomy. Sixteen female dogs were distributed into two groups, which received 0.3 mg/kg of methadone (MET group) or 0.1 mg/kg of morphine (MORPH group), both by lumbosacral epidural route. The anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane. Heart and respiratory rates, body temperature, systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressure, cortisol and analgesia were evaluated. The analgesia was measured by numerical descriptive scale which has as a maximum score 25 points. In case a score superior to 16 was detected, morphine was administered (0.5 mg/kg, IM). The following moments were considered: before and 15 minutes after the pre-anesthetic medication (M0 e M1); 15, 50, 55, 65 and 95 minutes after the epidural puncture (M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6, respectively); 2, 4, 7, 13, 19 and 25 hours (M7, M8, M9, M10, M11 and M12, respectively) after the epidural puncture. The cortisol was measured before the measurement of the physiological parameters, in the moments M0, M3, M4, M8, M10 and M12. A reduction in the respiratory rate and decrease of body temperature occurred in both groups. Cortisol increased in the MORPH group at the clamping of the ovarian pedicles (6.10 ± 1.85 μg/dL) and in the MET group, four hours after the epidural puncture (9.05 ± 7.77 mg/dL), but none of the animals needed rescue analgesia and the analgesia was intense in both groups. Morphine and methadone have similar analgesic efficacy, and do not cause significant cardiopulmonary changes.

We compared the analgesia and cardiopulmonary changes induced by epidural methadone or fentanyl in combination with lidocaine in female dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy and anesthetized with propofol. Eighteen female dogs were randomly assigned to two groups and given either methadone (0.3 mg kg?¹) + 2% lidocaine without vasoconstrictor (LM) or fentanyl (5 µg kg?¹) + 2% lidocaine without vasoconstrictor (LF). The drugs were administered epidurally in a volume of 0.25 ml kg?¹. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and blood glucose levels were recorded before and 15 minutes after premedication (T0 and T1); 15 minutes after epidural administration (T2); five minutes after dermotomy (T3); five minutes after clamping of the ovarian pedicle (T4); five minutes and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours (T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, and T11, respectively) after surgery. The number of additional propofol injections and total propofol dose (mg kg?¹) were recorded. Analgesia was assessed using a numerical descriptive scale. SBP and HR were similar in both groups, but hypotension was detected in animals from both groups at different times. Respiratory rate decreased significantly at T6 in the LF group and was lower than in the LM group. Hypothermia was observed in animals from both groups, but RT was significantly lower than baseline values only at T4 in the LM group. Blood glucose levels increased significantly only in the LF group at T4, T7, and T8. All animals in the LF group and eight animals in the LM group required additional propofol injections at T4, but no significant differences were detected in the number of propofol injections and total propofol dose between the LF (3 ± 1 injections, 7.5 ± 4.5 mg kg?¹) and LM (2 ± 2 injections, 4.5 ± 3.4 mg kg?¹) groups. The latency period, anesthetic period, and the duration of surgery were similar in both groups. No animals required rescue analgesia. The lidocaine-methadone and lidocaine-fentanyl combinations caused minimal cardiorespiratory changes, but did not abolish pain at the time of handling of the ovarian pedicle.

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