Background: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in executive functions between adolescents exposed to different forms of single-and multitype childhood maltreatment. Method: The sample was composed of 83 adolescents, divided into three groups: single-type maltreatment (n = 24), multitype maltreatment (n = 19), and no history of maltreatment (n = 40), matched for education and sex. Results: The results showed that teenagers who suffered a single type of childhood maltreatment performed worse than the other two groups on tasks of cognitive flexibility and visual processing speed. Individuals who suffered multitype maltreatment had worse initiation and lower verbal processing speed than the other two groups. Conclusions: Childhood maltreatment may have a significant impact on executive functioning in adolescence. Key Practitioner Message• Adolescents exposed to childhood maltreatment may develop cognitive impairments • Adolescents who suffered a single type of childhood maltreatment performed worse on cognitive flexibility tasks than adolescents exposed to multi-type maltreatment and adolescents with no history of victimization• Adolescents who suffered a single type of childhood maltreatment performed worse on visual processing speed tasks than adolescents exposed to multi-type maltreatment and adolescents with no history of victimization• Childhood maltreatment may have a significant impact on executive functioning in adolescence
Resumo A relação entre a percepção subjetiva de memória e o desempenho em testes objetivos tem sido alvo de diversos estudos em vista de sua utilidade no diagnóstico do declínio cognitivo. Dada a ausência de consenso em relação ao tema, avaliou-se o desempenho de idosos em testes objetivos de memória, correlacionando-o com a percepção subjetiva dos participantes acerca de sua memória. Cento e cinquenta e dois idosos preencheram uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos, na qual foi incluída uma questão para avaliar a percepção subjetiva acerca de sua memória. Dados objetivos foram coletados a partir do Mini-Exame do Estado Mental, dos subtestes de Memória do Instrumento de Avaliação Neuropsicológica Breve, da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e do Inventário Beck de Ansiedade. Correlações parciais significativas foram verificadas nas tarefas de memória de trabalho, memória episódica verbal e memória semântica de longo prazo, fornecendo evidências acerca da utilidade clínica da medida de percepção subjetiva de memória.
A number of studies have investigated the association between psychiatric disorders and alterations in cognitive development, academic performance, and learning ability. However, few studies have explored the relationship between stressful events and grade repetition. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to compare the frequency of exposure to stressful events, academic performance, executive functioning, and performance on working memory tasks between adolescents with and without a history of grade repetition. This was a cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 83 adolescents divided into two groups: (1) individuals with a history of grade repetition (n = 39) and (2) participants who had never repeated a grade (n = 44). Participants were administered tests to assess executive functions, intelligence, exposure to stressful events, and academic performance. Results showed that individuals with a history of grade repetition reported to experiencing a higher number of stressful events in adolescence, had worse academic performance, and obtained lower scores on executive functioning and working memory tasks than non-repeaters.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.