Fruticulture is a prominent component of Brazilian agriculture. Studies have shown that climatic variability and its impact on the physiological development of plant species are fundamental for planning the agricultural calendar, resource conservation, and sustainable management of production. In this context, one of the first criterion for planting a crop is agroclimatic zoning, since it provides information on climate-related risks and aids decision-making and agricultural planning. The objective of this study was to carry out climatic risk zoning for avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in the basin of Paraná River III, Paraná State, Brazil. Meteorological data from 43 stations, from 1976 to 2018, were used. The climatic risk analysis was based on the requirements of the avocado for precipitation, water balance, average annual temperature, and frost tolerance. Statistical and geoprocessing techniques ensured full regional coverage of data and contributed to decision-making. The results identified favorable climatic conditions for all climatic variables in the western part of the river basin. Despite water deficits in some months, rainfall and water balance were not restrictive for avocado production in the region. Avocado tree cultivation is not recommended in the eastern part of the basin, where there is a considerable risk of frost.
O clima do planeta está mudando em frequência e magnitude de seus eventos atmosféricos. As atividades agrícolas são altamente dependentes do clima. Mesmo com avanços da tecnologia e da pesquisa, a variabilidade da produção no estado do Paraná é afetada pelas variáveis climáticas, sendo a precipitação o elemento mais importante para as regiões de clima tropical e subtropical. Para o planejamento agrícola e para as demais atividades humanas, conhecer o clima é importante para minimizar os riscos das atividades e garantir resultados satisfatórios. A Mesorregião Noroeste Paranaense é a área mais quente e seca do Estado do Paraná carecendo de estudos que contribuam para a tomada de decisão na região. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a variabilidade pluviométrica, a intensidade e a frequência da precipitação na MRNOP. Para isso utilizou-se as escalas temporais anual, mensal e diária com o recorte temporal de 1976 a 2018. Por meio dos resultados, identificou-se grande discrepância nas alturas pluviométricas anuais, mensais e diárias, com parte expressiva dos eventos extremos e maiores alturas de precipitação ocorrendo em períodos de El Niño e neutralidade, enquanto os períodos secos predominam em condições de La Niña. Rainfall Frequency And Intensity And Relation With El Niño-Southern Oscilation In The Northwest Mesoregion Of Parana State, BrazilA B S T R A C TThe planet's climate is changing in frequency and magnitude of its atmospheric events. Agricultural activities are highly climate dependent. Even with advances in technology and research, agricultural production is affected by climatic variables. For agricultural planning and for other human activities, knowing the climate is important to minimize the risks of activities and ensure satisfactory results. The northwest Paraná mesoregion is the warmest and driest area in the State of Paraná and lacks studies that contribute to decision making in the region. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze rainfall variability, intensity and frequency of precipitation in MRNOP, as well as assessing the association between rainfall totals and extremes with the occurrence of the El Niño-Southern Oscilation – ENSO. variability mode. The annual, monthly and daily time scales were used from 1976 to 2018. Thematic maps were developed with interpolation and regressions and graphs of box graphics for an analysis of the variability. A large discrepancy was identified at annual, monthly and daily rainfall heights, with significant part of extreme events and higher precipitation heights occurring in El Niño periods and neutrality, while dry periods predominate under La Niña conditions.Keywords: climate risk, extreme events; sea surface temperature.
Extreme precipitation events cause severe damage in both urban and rural areas. The purpose of this work was to analyze rainfall variability and detect the extremes of precipitation and droughts occurrences and relate them to ENSO phenomena in the Central North Mesoregion of Paraná (MRNCP). We used data from 44 weather stations distributed in the area of the study, from 1976 to 2018. Based on the results, it was identified the precipitation has regional discrepancies, concentrating the highest rainfall in the southern portion. The highest annual precipitation was highly correlated with the periods identified as El Niño, and then in neutrality. There were large occurrences of drought by decent, with emphasis on the winter months, especially in August. High rainfall heights recorded within 24 hours in all regions analyzed, especially in the summer and spring months.
The cultivation of apple tree is highly dependent on meteorological variables, especially temperature. The link between accumulation of degree-days (DD) and accumulation of chilling hours (CH) are determinant to field success, in the context of climate change. The objective of this study was to quantify the accumulation of DD necessary during the reproductive phenological stages for cultivar IAPAR 75 Eva, considering the accumulation of CH during the period of dormancy. The study was carried out at the Experimental Station from the Rural Development Institute of Paraná IAPAR-EMATER, in the municipality of Palmas, Paraná State, Brazil. The evaluations were from 2013 to 2019, showing for each three days, the phenological phases and the value of DD and CH. The results were submitted the simple and multiple correlation by the R® software. We verified the influence of the increase in temperature on the cycle acceleration, in addition, it was verified a tendency of less requirement for DD to advance the cultivar cycle. Were verified the value of chilling hours as 281, 156, 84, 326, 96, 76 and 11 hours of chill, respectively, and the consequent accumulation of DD to breaking dormancy was appointed as 1093, 1156, 1574, 1157, 1834, 1096 and 1838 DD, respectively. We concluded that CH causes impact in DD accumulation to development of apple tree. Higher temperatures accelerate the apple tree development. With the information of CH accumulation in dormancy, it is possible estimate the quantity of DD to develop the phenological phases. This information contributes to agricultural planning for cultivar Eva farmers
Brazil is the largest producer and consumer of passion fruit in the world. Fruticulture is a prominent segment of Brazilian agriculture. Despite recent technological and scientific advances, the climate is among the most important variable in crops productions. In this context, agroclimatic zoning should be one of the first information to consider before starting the cultivation of a particular crop. The purpose of this paper was to perform agroclimatic risk zoning for passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) in the basin of Parana river 3, located in Parana state, South of Brazil. For this we used meteorological data from 43 stations with historical series between from 1976 to 2019. The analysis of agroclimatic risk was based on the species requirements, such as rainfall, annual water deficit, annual average temperature, sunshine and the risk of frost. The occurrence of frost was the most limiting factor for production in the region. This meteorological factor restricted planting in the central-eastern portion of the basin. In other areas, the risk is present, however the suitability for the passion fruit planting was guaranteed.
Brazil is the largest producer and consumer of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in the world. Despite modern technological and scientific advances, climate is still the most important meteorological variable in agricultural production. In this context, agroclimatic risk zoning should be one of the first things to be considered when planning cultivation. The purpose of this study was to carry out climatic risk zoning for papaya cultivation in the Basin of Paraná River III, Paraná state, Brazil. Were used meteorological data from 1976 to 2018, collected from 43 stations. The climatic risk analysis was based on the precipitation, water balance, average annual temperature, average insolation, and frost tolerance required for papaya cultivation. The occurrence of frosts is the key limiting factor for production in the study area. This meteorological factor limits the viability of papaya cultivation in the Center-Eastregion of the Basin. In other areas, risk remains, however, the papaya is apt for cultivation.
Fruticulture constitutes an important sector of the Brazilian agricultural industry. Despite technological and scientific advances, climate is still the most important variable defining crop productivity. Because of this, agroclimatic zoning should be one of the first factors to consider when starting to plant a particular crop. The objective of this work was to conduct climate risk zoning for guava (Psidium guajava L.) in Paraná river basin 3, Paraná, Brazil, using meteorological data from 43 stations collected between 1976 and 2018. The climate risk analysis was based on the climatic factors that impact the species, such as rainfall, annual water deficit, average annual temperature, coldest month temperature, and risk of frost. The findings of this study suggest that the basin has areas with a low climate risk for guava cultivation. Precipitation and water balance were sufficient under all tested scenarios. The most limiting factor for production was frost, but with risk only present during the first years of cultivation. Despite this, planting restrictions were only predicted to occur in the far west portion of the basin. Agricultural techniques that reduce the risk of frost and avoiding areas with greater frost incidences are the two most important aspects to consider to ensure greater success for guava in the region.
Mango cultivation is one of the key economic agricultural activities of fruit in Brazil. In Southern Brazil, mango presents vulnerability thanks to its frost sensitivity, indicating the relevance of climate studies to improve the production and agricultural techniques, in the context of sustainable agriculture and climate change. Agroclimatic zoning should be one of the first information to be considered when starting its cultivation. The objective of this study is to carry out climatic risk zoning for mango tree (Mangifera indica) in the basin of Paraná River III, Brazil. Meteorological data from 43 stations, from 1976 to 2018, were used. The climatic risk analysis was based on the requirements of the mango for precipitation, water balance, average annual temperature, and frost tolerance. The occurrence of frosts is the key restrict factor for production in the area of study. This meteorological factor restricted mango cultivation in the central-eastern portion of the basin. In other areas, the risk is present but the mango cultivation is recommended.
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