The study analyzes national strategies for dealing with obesity in Brazil in the framework of the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) and the Food and Nutritional Security System (SISAN)
Objective: The present paper analyses the advances and challenges of the school feeding programme in Brazil (PNAE), as part of the Brazilian experience building up an integrated food and nutrition security national system. It explores the role of policy and regulatory frameworks in constructing quality service delivery and intersectoral integration. Design: Review of PNAE and federal government technical documents and studies, legislation, minutes of meetings and official documents of the National Council of Food and Nutrition Security from 2003 to 2011. Setting: Food insecurity has decreased significantly in Brazil in the last decade, indicating that appropriate choices were made in terms of public policies and institutional arrangements, which other countries can learn from. Subjects: Brazil food and nutrition security system; school feeding; school food. Results: Brazil's integrated food and nutrition security policy approach promoted intersectorality in the food system, articulating actions to guarantee access to healthy food and to strengthen family farming. The quality of school meals has progressively improved; in particular, the availability of fruits and vegetables increased. However, national standards regarding menu composition have not yet been met. Regulations were an important factor, along with the policy approach linking food production, nutrition, health and education. Challenges are related to conflict of interests and to farmers' insufficient capacity to meet supply requirements and comply with technical procedures. Conclusions: Local food production, school meals and nutrition education can be linked through integrated programmes and policies, improving access to healthier foods. Government leadership, strong legislation, civil society participation and intersectoral decision making are determinant. Keywords School feeding School nutrition Brazil Food and nutrition security PNAEThe Brazilian School Feeding Program (PNAE) started in 1954. It was seen for a long time as a targeted food aid programme designed to fight undernutrition and low levels of education. While over the years the programme maintained a focus on enhancing schoolchildren's diets, its specific objectives, institutional set-up and norms and regulations have evolved significantly over time.The current paper argues that the PNAE is exemplary, a model from which other countries might draw important lessons. Brazil's multisectoral food and nutrition security strategy, developed from 2003, prioritized the expansion of school feeding and brought significant changes in the programme's design and implementation. Its objectives today are to contribute to the bio-psychosocial development and educational achievement of students by meeting their nutritional needs while in the classroom, and by supporting the formation of healthy habits through food and nutrition education (1) . The programme also promotes local family farming.The Brazilian programme is also exemplary for its scope, reaching more than forty-five million students, w...
Construction of the food and nutrition security policy in Brazil: strategies and challenges in the promotion of intersectorality at the federal government levelA construção da política de segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil: estratégias e desafios para a promoção da intersetorialidade no âmbito federal de governo
This paper analyses the relationship between Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs and Food and Nutrition Security (FNS),
Objective: To analyse changes and predictors of change in self-reported food intake among Brazilian families that benefitted from conditional cash transfer (CCT) implemented in the Programa Bolsa Família of the Brazilian Federal Government. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Setting: The study was conducted from September to October 2007 in a nationwide representative household sample of families included in the CCT. Socioeconomic variables, perception of food consumption and food insecurity were evaluated via questionnaire, which was completed during face-to-face interviews. Subjects: Five thousand households were selected from the CCT registry. Results: Families reported increased consumption of all food groups analysed, mainly cereals, processed foods, meat, milk and dairy, beans and sugar. The degree of dependence on income from the CCT was positively associated with increased self-reported intake of food items such as sugar and soft drinks. A Poisson regression revealed that the fourth quartile of CCT dependence demonstrated a twofold increase in the self-reported intake of soft drinks (relative risk (RR) 5 2?3, 95 % CI 1?8, 2?9) and sugar (RR 5 2?5, 95 % CI 2?1, 3?1) compared with the first quartile of CCT dependence. Conclusions: Greater purchasing power of poor families increases unhealthy food choices; thus public policies should emphasise the availability of healthy food.
This paper explores the possibilities of the nutrition-sensitive agriculture approach in the context of the programs and actions towards promoting food and nutrition sovereignty and security in Brazil. To analyze the links between nutrition and agriculture, this paper presents the conceptual framework related to food and nutrition security, and stresses the correlations among concepts, institutional structures and program design in Brazil. Dominant models of food production and consumption are scrutinized in the light of these relationships. This paper also highlights differences amongst different ways to promote nutrition-sensitive agriculture through food-acquisition programs from family farmers, experiences in agro-ecology and bio-fortification programs. In the closing remarks, the paper draws some lessons learned from the Brazilian experience that highlight the advantages of family farming and rapid food production, distribution and consumption cycles in order to promote access to an affordable, diversified and more adequate diet in nutritional terms.
Resumo O estudo analisou as ações de prevenção e controle da obesidade infantil, especialmente as de Promoção da Alimentação Adequada e Saudável (PAAS), que integram Políticas do governo federal brasileiro nos últimos 15 anos. Foram analisados todos os documentos que apresentam ações de PAAS no âmbito das políticas de saúde e segurança alimentar e nutricional a partir das seguintes dimensões: (1) a abordagem das ações de PAAS; (2) os condicionantes da obesidade que pretendem afetar e (3) as potenciais disputas de interesses. As principais ações de PAAS identificadas visam fomentar: a educação alimentar e nutricional; os sistemas produtivos de base agroecológica; a agricultura familiar; a acessibilidade alimentar; os ambientes saudáveis e as ações regulatórias. Essas ações interferem em diferentes condicionantes da obesidade infantil, apresentam distintas concepções sobre o problema e afetam distintos interesses. Destacam-se as disputas entre os interesses das corporações comerciais de alimentos processados e do agronegócio e os setores governamentais e societários norteados pelos objetivos de PAAS. As ações voltadas para a regulamentação das compras e espaços públicos, além da publicidade de produtos não saudáveis para crianças, são as que melhor expressam os interesses em disputa.
In the past few years, Brazil has made significant progress in reducing hunger and food and nutrition insecurity. By the end of 2009 it had met the first United Nations Millennium Development Goal of reducing poverty and malnutrition by half, six years ahead of the 2015 deadline. Much of this progress has been achieved through innovative policies and initiatives championed by civil society organisations for over two decades. This paper reviews some of the most important policies and initiatives which are having a beneficial impact on sustainable rural development and food security. Focusing on conditions for small family farmers, the authors describe the main elements of these government programmes as well as relevant civil society initiatives, and the possible lessons to be learned from them. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges the country faces in maintaining recent advances in sustainable rural development and food security.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.