Pesq. Vet. Bras. 30(11):968-973, novembro 2010 RESUMO.-O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo retrospectivo sobre neoplasias cutâneas diagnosticadas em cães. A avaliação foi realizada pela análise dos arquivos diagnósticos do Setor de Patologia Veterinária (SPV) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brasil, considerando-se um intervalo de seis anos (2002 a 2007). Neste intervalo, um total de 1.869 (37,3%) amostras de pele canina foram obtidas de 5.016 amostras variadas de tecidos de cães encaminhadas ao SPV. Dentre as amostras cutâneas, 1.002 pertenciam a cães diagnosticados com um tipo de neoplasia cutânea e 15 animais apresentaram mais de uma neoplasia de pele, totalizando 1.017 (20,3%) amostras. Os resultados revelaram que 50,5% (514/1017) das neoplasias cutâneas apresentaram origem mesenquimal, 45,1% (459/1017) para epitelial e 3,9% (40/1017) para melanocítica. Mastocitoma foi o tipo neoplásico cutâneo mais frequente, diagnosticado em 228 casos (22,4%), seguido por carcinoma de célu-las escamosas (7,5%), lipoma (7,3%), adenoma de glân-dula perianal (7,1%) e tricoblastoma (5,8%). Cocker Spaniel, Boxer, Poodle e Pastor Alemão foram as raças mais representadas em diversos neoplasmas. Os dados obtidos, comparados aos estudos prévios, ressaltam as variáveis raças, idade e sexo, relacionadas a alguns tumores cutâ- Prevalência de neoplasmas cutâneos em cães daRegião Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS: 1.017 casos

Canine rangeliosis, caused by the piroplasmid protozoon Rangelia vitalii, is currently recognized as a reemerging disease that affects domestic dogs in Brazil. In the present study, piroplasmid infection was searched in wild canids (20 Cerdocyon thous and 4 Lycalopex gymnocercus) in Brazil. Molecular analysis, based on PCR and DNA sequencing of a portion of the 18S rRNA gene, revealed that 30% (6/20) C. thous were infected by R. vitalii. Blood and bone marrow samples from one of the R. vitalii-infected C. thous were inoculated into a domestic dog, which developed clinical rangeliosis that was confirmed by molecular tests. However, the C. thous donor showed no clinical, hematological or biochemical alterations, even though its R. vitalii infection status was confirmed for at least 80 days. These observations suggest that R. vitalii is not as highly pathogenic for C. thous as it is for domestic dogs. Phylogenetic analysis inferred by the 18S rRNA gene placed R. vitalii embedded in the clade 'Babesia sensu stricto', consisting of a number of species that represent truly the genus Babesia. It is proposed that the species R. vitalii should be transferred to the genus Babesia. The present study expands our knowledge on the natural history of R. vitalii, suggesting that it might have a natural cycle involving the wild canid C. thous. Further studies are needed to confirm that C. thous is a natural reservoir of R. vitalii in Brazil.

A B S T R A C T Cyclooxygenase inhibitors prevent the pulmonary vasomotor changes in response to low-dose endotoxin. We, therefore, explored the role of two highly vasoactive prostanoids, thromboxane A2, a vasoconstrictor, and prostacyclin, a vasodilator, in the transient pulmonary vasoconstriction and subsequent loss of alveolar hypoxis vasoconstriction (AHPV) that follows endotoxin. AHPV was tested in the dog with a double-lumened endotracheal tube allowing ventilation of one lung with nitrogen as a hypoxic challenge while the other lung was ventilated with oxygen to maintain systemic oxygenation. Relative distribution of perfusion to the two lungs was assessed with intravenous 133Xe and external scintillation detectors. The stable metabolites of thromboxane and prostacyclin, i.e., thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1,a were measured in plasma with radioimmunoassay. 15 ,ug/kg i.v. ofendotoxin induced no rise in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), but prevented AHPV so that the initial 33% (±2 SEM) decrease in perfusion to the hypoxic lung became only a 2% (± 1) decrease. Circulating levels of thromboxane and prostacyclin concurrently rose (P < 0.01) from nondetectable levels to 380 pg/ml (±40) and 360 pg/ml (±130). 150 ,g/kg of endotoxin induced a transient rise in PVR from 4.09 to 9.00 mm Hg/liter per min in association (r = 0.89, P < 0.01) with a sharp rise in thromboxane levels to 4,460 pg/ml (± 1,350) whereas prostacyclin levels were elevated less markedly to 550 pg/ml (+400). Prostaglandin F2<,X another vasoconstrictor, was not elevated. 30 min after endotoxin when PVR was again base line and AHPV lost, thromboxane fell significantly (P < 0.01) to 2,200 pg/ml (± 1,100) whereas prostacyclin remained elevated at 360 pg/ml (±135), a level similar to that seen when 15 ,g/kg of endotoxin induced Dr. Peterson is an Established Investigator ofthe American Heart Association.

RESUMO: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo com o objetivo de determinar os tipos de neoplasmas em bovinos e a sua frequência. Foram analisados os casos de necropsias e biopsias de bovinos com diagnóstico de neoplasia, submetidos ao Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS), entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2014. De um total de 4.188 exames realizados em bovinos, 154 foram diagnosticados como neoplasmas. Destes, 100 casos foram a causa da morte, 41 foram achados de frigorífico e 13 casos eram biopsias de cirurgias realizadas por veterinários de campo. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em bovinos adultos (96/154), fêmeas (125/154) e a raça mais acometida foi a Holandesa (79/154). Os neoplasmas mais frequentes foram linfoma (73/154), carcinoma de células escamosas (28/154), papiloma (9/154), melanoma (6/154) e feocromocitoma (6/154). Os sistemas mais acometidos foram o hemopoiético (75/154) e tegumentar (25/154). Conclui-se que o linfoma e o carcinoma de células escamosas são os neoplasmas mais frequentes em bovinos diagnosticados no SPV-UFRGS, Brasil.

Porcine circovirus types 1 and 2 (PCV1, PCV2) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) are widespread in pig populations around the world. Nevertheless, only PCV2 has been associated with different clinical syndromes, thus representing a major problem to the pig industry. The association of cases of swine abortions and stillborns with PCV1 and PCV2 and PPV was studied retrospectively (2005-2007). Additional pathogens were also investigated in lesioned fetuses. The studied litters included stillborn piglets and several mummified fetuses of varied sizes. Ventricular dilatation, myocardial pale areas, and mesocolic edema were the gross lesions. Escherichia coli was detected as co-infecting with PCV2 the cases in which mesocolic edema was seen. Microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, mineralization foci and intranuclear inclusion bodies in cardiomyocytes, and interstitial mononuclear pneumonia. Samples from 7 (5.78 per cent) of 121 aborted fetuses and stillborn piglets had lesions consistent with a viral cause and showed both positive anti-PCV2 immunostaining as well as PCV2-PCR. In samples from 3 (2.47 per cent) of these 7 fetuses, co-infection with PPV was confirmed by Nested-PCR. Both viruses were detected in fetuses at different stages of gestation. Viral antigens of PCV2 were detected by immunohistochemistry mainly in macrophages and myocytes. PCV1 individually was not detected in any of these affected fetuses, but it was associated with PCV2 and/or PPV in some of them. These findings indicate that PCV2 alone or in association with PPV should be kept in mind when investigating causes of infectious abortion in pigs in Brazil.

RESUMO.-A cinomose canina é uma doença viral e afeta principalmente os sistemas respiratório, gastrintestinal e nervoso. Neste trabalho foram analisados os achados patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de 54 cães com cinomose de um total de 760 cães necropsiados no período de julho de 2006 a outubro de 2007. As lesões macroscó-picas observadas foram caracterizadas por corrimento ocular e nasal mucopurulentas, hiperqueratose dos coxins digitais, pulmões avermelhados e não colapsados, atrofia do timo, conteúdo intestinal diarréico e placas de Peyer proeminentes. Os achados histológicos caracterizavamse principalmente por pneumonia intersticial, rarefação linfóide, desmielinização da substância branca, manguitos perivasculares e corpúsculos de inclusão intranucleares e intracitoplasmáticos, que se localizam principalmente na mucosa do estômago, epitélios da bexiga, brônquios e bronquíolos, pelve renal, coxins digitais, pálpebra, orelha e tonsila no sistema nervoso central e em células mononucleares dos linfonodos, baço e tonsilas. Os tecidos foram marcados pela técnica imuno-histoquímica utilizan- Canine distemper is a viral disease that affects mainly respiratory, gastrointestinal and nervous system. The present study analyzes pathologic and immunohistochemical findings in 54 dogs with canine distemper of a total of 760 canine necropsies performed from July 2006 to October 2007. The gross lesions were characterized by mucopurulent oculonasal discharge, hyperkeratosis of footpads, red and not collapsed lungs, thymic atrophy, watery intestinal content, hyperemia and enlarged Peyer's patches. The histological findings were characterized by interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid depletion, white matter demyelization, perivascular cuffs and intracytoplasmatic and intranuclear inclusion bodies located in epithelial cells of gastric mucosa, urinary bladder, bronchial, renal pelvis, footpads, eyelid, skin of the ear, tonsil, central nervous system and mononuclear cells in lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils. Viral antigen was detected by an immunohistochemical procedure using a mouse monoclonal anti-canine distemper antibody. The footpads were the more constantly (67.4% of the cases) immunolabeled tissue, followed by stomach with 62.7%. Immunohistochemistry was demonstrated to be a useful tool for the study of viral antigen distribution in distemper affected dogs as well as it indicated which is the best tissue to be examined in order to confirm a suspected case of canine.INDEX TERMS: Canine diseases, distemper, immunohistochemistry.

Background Anthropogenic disturbances are the main threats to nonhuman primates conservation, and infectious diseases may also play a key role in primate population decline. This study aimed to determine the main causes of death in neotropical primates. Methods A retrospective study of post‐mortem examinations was conducted on 146 neotropical primates between January 2000 and December 2018. Results Conclusive diagnoses were obtained in 68.5% of the cases, of which 59 corresponded to non‐infectious causes and 41 to infectious diseases. Trauma was the main cause of death (54/100), with anthropogenic stressors caused by blunt force trauma injuries (collision with vehicles) and puncture wound injuries associated with interspecific aggression (dog predation) were the most common factors. Other causes of death included bacterial diseases (27%), followed by parasitic diseases (12%), neoplasms (2%), and viral diseases (2%). Conclusions Free‐ranging primates were mostly affected by non‐infectious causes, while captive primates were by infectious conditions.

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(9):885-890, setembro 2014 885 RESUMO.-A clamidiose é causada por Chlamydophila psittaci e representa uma das principais zoonoses de origem aviária. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo em psitacíde-os do período de 1995 a 2012 e exame imuno-histoquímico (IHQ) anti-Chlamydia. Foram avaliados 111 casos, dos quais 12 foram a óbito devido à clamidiose. As aves eram provenientes de apreensão ou cativeiro (zoológicos, criatórios, centros de triagem e domicílios). À necropsia observou-se fígado aumentado (4/12) com áreas branco-amareladas (3/12), baço aumentado (2/12) e rompido (1/12), saco pericárdico com deposição de fibrina (1/12), polisserosite fibrinosa (1/12) e em três casos não havia lesões. Na avaliação histopatológica evidenciou-se hepatite necró-tica mononuclear (7/12), hepatite mononuclear (3/12), hiperplasia de ductos biliares (8/12), esplenite necrótica histiocitária (9/12), hemossiderose em fígado (9/12) e baço (9/12), aerossaculite mononuclear (4/12), pericardite fibrino-heterofílica (2/12), necrose (1/12) e rarefação (1/12) linfoide de bursa de Fabricius, pneumonia fibrinosa (1/12), nefrite mononuclear (1/12) e granulomas renais (1/12). Observaram-se inclusões basofílicas intracitoplasmáticas (corpos elementares) em fígado (2/12), baço e