No abstract

Phytochemical screening and preliminary clinical trials of the aqueous extract mixture of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees and Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp leaves in metformin treated patients with type 2 diabetes

Egg whites traditionally used for the treatment of burns. In this research, egg white was formulated as gel dosage form for easy to use and covered unpleasant odor. The aim of the study was to determined effectivity of egg white in gel dosage form against the healing of superficial partial thickness burns (second degree) on white rats (Rattus novergicus) Wistar strain with parameters were macrophages, fibroblasts, collagen deposit density and wound healing. Research subject were  male white rats aged 3 months. Second degree burns on the back of rat with a diameter of 2 cm were made by  using a hot coin with temperature 80 ° C for 20 seconds. 18 white rats divided into 3 groups of treatment that is negative control using 0.9% NaCl, positive control using Bioplacenton®, and 40% egg white gel as treatment. Based on the experimental results, white egg gel  given topically decreased the number of macrophages and increase the number of fibroblasts, increase the density of collagen deposits and speed up wound healing on second degree burns. White egg gel had significantly difference with negative control of NaCl 0.9% and no significantly difference  with Bioplasenton as positive control.

Background: Diabetic gangrene is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus caused by neuropathy, blood vessel disorders, and infection by Staphylococcus aureus. S.sonchifolius leaves contains flavonoid as hypoglycemic agents and sesquiterpene lactones as antibacterial. Unfortunately, oral administration of S. sonchifolius leaves infusion causes kidney toxicity. Objective: The aimed of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the transdermal patch of S. sonchifolius leaves ethanol extract on gangrene wound healing with macroscopic parameters and neoangiogenesis of gangrenous wounds in white rats that have been induced by diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: This study used 4 treatment groups: positive control (Bevalex® cream), negative control (patch without S. sonchifolius leaves extract), F1 (S. sonchifolius leaves patch without enhancer), and F2 (S. sonchifolius leaves patch with Tween 60 as enhancer). The dose of S. sonchifolius leaves given was 400 mg/kg BW. Alloxan-induced diabetic rat feet were injected with S. aureus to form gangrene. Observations were made on the 7th and 14th days. Results: Based on the Wagner-Meggit scale on macroscopic observations, administration of a transdermal patch of S. sonchifolius leaves accelerates gangrene healing. The statistical results of neoangiogenesis on the 7th and 14th days showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the positive control, F1, and F2 to the negative control. F2 showed the highest angiogenesis on day 7 (114.00 ± 5,00) and 14 (161.00 ± 5.29) compared to all groups. Tween 60 as enhancer increase the number of angiogenesis. Both F1 and F2 did not show a significant difference to the positive control. Conclusion: S. sonchifolius leaves ethanol extract patch accelerated the diabetic gangrene healing process based on macroscopic and neoangiogenesis observation on the 7th and 14th days. Toxicity examination in white rats are needed before clinical study in human.

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) have high albumin content, a protein needed for cell development and the formation of new tissue. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of snakehead fish extract emulgel given topically on incision wounds in white rats. The parameters of wound healing consist of wound length, a number of neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts and density of collagen. The white rats divide into three groups of (n = 6), one group was given the emulgel base as the negative control, one group of povidone-iodine as the positive control, and one group of snakehead fish extract 10% emulgel. White rats were sacrificed on the third and seventh days for microscopic observations. The results showed that snakehead fish extract emulgel can accelerate incision wound healing: decrease wound length, increase the number of neutrophil and macrophages cells, increase the average number of fibroblasts and increase collagen density on white rats.