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MiR23a and miR23b are potential biomarkers of ovarian endometriosis. This study provides a novel approach for targeting the mechanisms controlling aberrant local estrogen biosynthesis in endometriosis.

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Aim: Transfer RNA-derived fragments have been reported to play a vital role in disease progression, but their role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains unknown. Materials & methods: Small RNA sequencing was conducted in three paired ovarian endometriomas and eutopic endometria. The data from 22 paired samples were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and bioinformatic analysis was performed to establish the roles of these fragments in endometriosis pathogenesis. Results: We identified 19 upregulated and five downregulated tRNA-derived fragments, of which tiRNA-5 was the most common. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses revealed that these molecules could have roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Conclusion: tRNA-derived fragments are dysregulated and could be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of ovarian endometriosis.

CircRNAs are differentially expressed in endometriosis, which might be related with pathogenesis of endometriosis.

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