The article discusses the construction production organizational and technological improving issues and the qualifications of specialists, which become the key factors in the investment and construction projects (ICP) management. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the studies showed that currently main problem hindering the ICP management innovations introduction is the weak motivation and low qualification of managerial employees and their lack of teamwork skills using modern information technologies and databases. One of the tools to improve the professional level and improve the project team coherence when managing ICP is a system that is a simulator - a simulator developed on the specialized information technology basis. In the simulation model use a simulator can be widely used in construction for training and retraining of personnel involved in the ICP management. The proposed methodology will allow to simulate the various options for the managerial decisions’ preparation and adoption at various stages and time intervals for the ICP implementation.
The article discusses the issues of forecasting two key parameters of an investment and construction project: time and cost, while the building company is considered as a complex dynamic system. Taking into account the long-term nature of the creation of construction products and, as a consequence, the high level of work in progress, the need to use forecasting models is justified, both at short-term planning intervals (week, month) and at longer intervals (quarter, year). The article examines the formalized forecasting methods, gives a characteristic of the methods most widely used in practice. These methods include forecasting based on ARIMA models. DSTU has developed a pilot software package for an intelligent construction management system, which includes a software package for forecasting the time and cost parameters of a construction object at the stages of operational and current management.
Abstract. The article deals with the problems of creation of intelligent management system by investment and construction projects. The relevance of research is due to the fact that in modern Russian construction there are frequent delays in terms of construction, the excess of budgets in the projects and low quality products. One of the main reasons of this situation is the poor organization of the production process at the construction site and that leads to a significant loss of workers' time and construction machinery, to an inefficient use of material resources. The creation of intelligent management system in construction implies a fundamental change in the construction management technology starting from the date of fixation and transmission of information from the construction site, its systematization and finally development and making management decisions. The introduction of intelligent management system means a significant increase of registered options and data volumes while increasing its transmission speed at the construction site and that determines the need for developing the appropriate information technology and the Internet use.
In the article the authors study the need to study the impact of information technology on the effectiveness of management and construction organizations. The article proposes a new algorithm for the introduction of information technology management in construction, which will provide changes in the content, quality, nature, conditions of managerial work. Today, more and more importance is attached to the information sector of the economy, because the dominant position in the activities of modern organizations occupy the processes of exchange, processing and storage of information. Successful management of the economy at the organizational, regional and Federal levels is directly dependent on the effectiveness of the use of modern information technologies in management work. The use of the Internet, computer programs, information technologies radically changes the organization and technique of administrative work in construction. They allow to receive information and make decisions quickly, force to reconsider traditional views on a role and the mechanism of relationship of the organizations, open opportunities for participation of the organizations in the national and world financial markets and investment projects in constructio.
The article discusses the problems of making organizational and technological decisions in the investment and construction projects (ICP) management using intelligent construction management systems (“IMS Construction”). The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in economic instability conditions in the Russian Federation, the construction organizations need to increase the organizational and technological decisions efficiency in order to reduce production costs. The ISU “Construction” introduction allows the managerial decision-making of two independent areas integration in the implementation of ICP, based on the rules and precedents related to the methods of generating new knowledge, which allows to get a new impetus in the intelligent control systems development. The greatest interest in using the proposed methodology formalized in the IMS “Construction” development is the possibility of accumulating knowledge about the ICP control system possible behavior, which is more likely to predict the right decision adoption in the event of any situations that have not been previously met or recognized.
Abstract:The article deals with the problems of using the energy-efficient materials and engineering technologies during the construction of buildings and structures. As the analysis showed, one of the most important problems in this sphere is the infringement of production technologies working with energy-efficient materials. To improve the given situation, it is offered to set a technological normal at the design stage by means of working out the technological maps studying the set and the succession of operations in details, taking in mind the properties of energy-efficient materials. At Don State Technical University (DSTU) the intelligent systems of management are being developed providing organizational and technological and also informational integration of design and production stages by means of creating the single database of technological maps, volumes of work and resources.
Iraqi construction industry is not away from high number of injuries and fatalities, to control this problem, Mobile Application Technologies (MATS), might offer a promising solution. Improved risk management will increase the productivity of the construction companies which might resulted in enhancing Iraqi national economy. This research addressed the most current used MATS in managing OSH in the construction projects, and highlighted the most benefits and limitations of using these technologies in the field of Iraqi construction projects. This aim achieved by conducting a comprehensive study of the related literature, by analysing a questionnaire response of 98 construction project managers, who are working in a small and medium sized company, BIM and WSDS were identified as the most current used MATS in the Iraqi construction projects, But with a low rate of occurrence about 25%. ’Eliminate hazard during the design phase’ and ’Help visualize hazard’ are the most two benefits of MATS with a rate of occurrence about 75%. However, ’Extra costs associated with technology’, ’Little or no government regulations for use’ are the most two limited factors of using MATS in OSH management in the Iraqi construction projects. In this research the suggestion for the future research has introduced.
The protection of the working surfaces of mechanisms in sliding contact conditions is often carried out by applying protective multilayer and functionally graded coatings, which prevent wear of the working surfaces and reduce the temperature heating of the contact. The problem of grinding the surface of oxidized and other materials with a functionally graded change in properties along the depth of the product leads to the need to control the wear rate and contact heating from friction. The effectiveness of studying the processes of wear, grinding, polishing and early diagnostics of thermoelastic instability of sliding contact is facilitated by mathematical modeling of the process of wear of products made of functionally graded materials. The thermoelastic contact problem of the wear of a functionally graded coating with an arbitrarily varying shear modulus with a hard abrasive, taking into account the heating of the contact from friction, is considered. The solutions of the problem are constructed in the form of Laplace convolutions. Analysis of the obtained solutions in the complex plane makes it possible to determine the regions of thermoelastic stability and instability of the solutions in the space of dimensionless parameters of the problem. Unstable solutions give rise to the concept of thermoelastic instability of a sliding contact. The constructed analytical solutions made it possible to study the effect of the functionally graded inhomogeneity coefficient of the coating material on the thermoelastic instability regions of the sliding contact, temperature, displacements, stresses and wear of the functionally graded coating material.
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