-In order to enable production of large quantities of plantlets for reintroduction programs, as well as economic exploration,
-The development of technologies to increase stand establishment efficiency and seed vigor, as well as to maximize profits, is of fundamental importance for the sustainability of agriculture. Products based on humic substances, such as humic acids, have been recently used in Brazilian agriculture to produce seedlings with high vigor, which positively influences the establishment of the initial stand. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of treatment of corn seeds with a commercial humic acid-based product, Humykos® (18% of humic acid content), on germination and seedling vigor. The treatments consisted of six doses (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mL 100 kg -1 seed) of Humykos®, and the treated seeds were analyzed for germination and vigor (first count, emergence, emergence speed index, length, and dry mass of shoots and roots). Our results show that humic acid promotes greater seedling growth and increased shoot dry mass in corn; in addition, it has a positive influence on the emergence speed index up to a dose 158 mL 100 kg -1 seeds.
RESUMO:Os bioestimulantes são compostos por fitormônios e têm efeito sobre o metabolismo de diferentes plantas, sendo aplicados, usualmente, sobre as sementes em culturas no momento da semeadura. Dessa forma, é fundamental conhecer os efeitos desse produto na qualidade fisiológica de sementes. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de doses de bioestimulante nas características fisiológicas de sementes de arroz. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de doses crescentes do produto comercial Stimulate® (0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 ml para 100 kg de sementes) adicionadas diretamente às sementes de arroz, cultivar Primavera. Os testes para avaliação da germinação e vigor foram: primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento do sistema radicular e parte aérea, massa de matéria seca da raiz e parte aérea. O comprimento da parte aérea aumentou com as doses crescentes de Stimulate®. A germinação, o comprimento de raiz, a massa de matéria seca da raiz e parte aérea, o índice de velocidade de emergência e a percentagem de emergência não foram afetados pelas doses de Stimulate. Doses de 1000 mL para 100 kg sementes, podem ser utilizadas no arroz, aumentando o comprimento da parte aérea, mas sem afetar a germinação das sementes.Palavras chaves: Oryza sativa. Stimulate. Fitormônios. Germinação. PHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SEEDS OF RICE UNDER DOSE OF BIOSTIMULANT SUMMARY:The biostimulants are composed of phytohormones and have effect on the metabolism of various plants and are applied usually on the seed at sowing crops moment. Therefore, it is important to know the effects of this product on the physiological quality of seeds. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of doses of biostimulants on physiological characteristics of rice seeds. The treatments consisted of increasing doses of the commercial product Stimulate ® (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ml for 100 kg of seeds) added directly on the rice seed cultivate Primavera. For germination and vigor, treated seeds were subjected to the following tests: first count (PCG), germination (G), emergence (E), speed of emergence (IVE), length of the root system (CSR) and shoot (CPA), dry matter of the root (MSR) and shoot (MPA). The shoot length increased with increasing doses of Stimulate ® . The germination, root length, the dry mass of roots and shoots, the rate of emergence rate and percentage of emergence were not affected by the doses of Stimulate. Doses of 1000 mL per 100 kg seed can be used in rice, increasing the shoot length, but without affecting the germination of seeds.
Crambe is a rapeseed with high oil content and can be used as a winter cover or as a source of raw material for the production of biodiesel, however espite the growing interest in
The application of silicon is becoming popular in agriculture as an alternative for integrated crop management, owing to the diverse benefits resulting from the accumulation of silicon in grasses and the resultant resistance conferred in plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the application of silicon, via seed coating and leaf application, influences the production and yield components of maize in the second crop. The experimental design was divided into split plots, in which the plots were composed of phyllosilicate doses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g kg-1 of seeds) in the seed coatings and the subplots were composed of foliar applications of potassium silicate (1.0 L ha-1 in pre-dip and 15 days after). We evaluated the plant height, spike insertion height, spike and corncob diameter, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row, the mass of 100 grains, and productivity. The foliar application of potassium silicate had no effect on the yield and yield components of the corn crop. The use of phyllosilicate via seed coating increased the production components and yield of the second corn crop.
RESUMO A busca por protocolos de micropropagação de pinhão manso tem resultado em relatos sobre difi culdades na germinação in vitro de sementes recém colhidas. Nesse sentido, levantou-se a hipótese da dormência estar relacionada com a presença do endosperma. Objetivando investigar a infl uência do INTRODUÇÃOO pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) é uma planta oleaginosa da família Euphorbiaceae e essa espécie tem como destaque sua rusticidade, além de ser perene, tolerante à seca e adaptável a uma vasta gama de ambientes e condições edafoclimáticas (SATURNINO et al., 2005). Esta espécie apresenta muitas atribuições, múltiplos usos e considerável potencial energético, considerando a qualidade e quantidade de óleo em suas sementes, entre 25 a 40%, superior ao da maioria das oleaginosas utilizadas no mercado de biocombustíveis (ARRUDA et al., 2004). Sendo assim, é explícito o interesse pela espécie para produção de biocombustíveis, entretanto, sua propagação possui problemas que limitam a expansão da cultura, como plantios desuniformes, com uso de sementes, e a necessidade de ramos grandes para obtenção de estacas. Nesse contexto, pesquisas a respeito de multiplicação in vitro da espécie são imprescindíveis (NUNES et al., 2008), inclusive pelo fato da necessidade de protocolos de regeneração efi cientes para a obtenção de plantas geneticamente modifi cadas, como tem sido pesquisado em diversos
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