Profiles for polar heteroatom compounds were obtained via Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) using electrospray ionization (ESI) in negative-ion mode for a set of 30 Brazilian oil samples from distinct sedimentary basins and used to estimate biodegradation extents. The samples were initially subjected to traditional geochemical biodegradation analysis to classify them in term of biodegradation levels as based on the Peters and Moldowan scale (PM scale). When the profiles were correlated with the PM scale, it was found that the O1, N, NO2, NO3, and N3O2 classes decrease, whereas the O2, O3, and O4 classes increase in relative abundance with biodegradation. The acyclic to cyclic acids (A/C) ratio of the O2 class, mainly composed of naphthenic acids, provided a robust parameter to classify biodegradation levels of Brazilian oils. A modified saturated acid (SA) index was also used to classify biodegradation levels. For the O1 class, two new monoaromatic (MA) indexes were proposed to predict the biodegradation extent. These MA parameters are based on the most readily degraded phenolic and/or benzylic O compounds by microorganisms and the persistence of O compounds with higher double bond equivalent (DBE) values in more degraded oils.

No abstract

Objective: To identify scientifi c evidence regarding the infl uence of hormonal contraceptive use and the occurrence of stroke. Method: Integrative review of the literature, through database search using the descriptors "contraceptive agents", "contraceptive devices", "contraceptives, Oral" and "Stroke". Original studies in Portuguese, Spanish and English, published in full and available online were included. Studies that did not answer our guiding questions and duplicated studies were excluded. Results: Women using combined oral contraceptives have higher risk of stroke, even with a lower hormonal dosage and different types of progestogen, regardless of the duration of use. The use of contraceptives associated with smoking, hypertension, migraine, hypercholesterolemia, obesity and sedentary lifestyle increases the chance of stroke. Contraceptive patch and vaginal ring are associated to increased risk. Conclusion: Use of combined hormonal contraceptives, except for the injectable and the transdermal ones, increases the chance of occurrence of the event. Progestogen-only contraceptives were considered safe. Descriptors: Stroke; Contraceptives; Contraceptive Devices; Oral Contraceptives; Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: Identifi car evidências científi cas acerca da infl uência do uso de anticoncepcionais hormonais na ocorrência do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, com pesquisa em bases de dados, utilizando os descritores "contraceptive agents", "contraceptive devices", "contraceptives, Oral" e "stroke". Foram incluídos artigos originais nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês, publicados na íntegra e disponíveis eletronicamente. Foram excluídos artigos que não respondiam às questões norteadoras e repetidos. Resultados: Usuárias de anticoncepcional oral combinado apresentam risco maior de AVC, mesmo com dosagem hormonal menor e diferentes tipos de progestágeno, independente do tempo de uso. A presença associada de tabagismo, hipertensão arterial, enxaqueca, hipercolesterolemia, obesidade e sedentarismo aumenta a chance desse desfecho. Adesivo anticoncepcional e anel vaginal são relacionados ao aumento desse risco. Conclusão: A exposição aos anticoncepcionais hormonais combinados aumenta a chance de ocorrência do evento, exceto o injetável e o transdérmico. Os exclusivos de progestágeno foram considerados seguros. Descritores: Acidente Vascular Cerebral; Anticoncepcionais; Dispositivos Anticoncepcionais; Anticoncepcionais Orais; Enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo: Estudiar las evidencias científi cas acerca de la infl uencia del uso de anticonceptivos hormonales en el acaecimiento de accidentes cerebrales vasculares (ACV). Método: Revisión integradora de la literatura, realizada mediante investigación científi ca en bases de datos, utilizando los descriptores "anticonceptivos", "dispositivos anticonceptivos", "anticonceptivos orales" y "derrame cerebral". Se incluyeron artículos originales en los idiomas portugués, español e inglés, publicados en su totalidad y disponibles e...

No abstract

No abstract

Aims To compare factors associated with the sedentary lifestyle described in the literature with the factors listed in NANDA International. Design Systematic review with meta‐analysis of factors associated with a sedentary lifestyle in adolescents, adults and older people. Data sources An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Latin America and the Caribbean Literature on Health and Science databases conducted in May 2016. Review methods Descriptive data were extracted according to a standardized form. The odds ratios for each etiological factor associated with a sedentary lifestyle were extracted directly from the articles or calculated from the data described therein. The meta‐analysis was conducted for factors that were investigated in more than one study. Results Thirty‐five articles were included. The statistically significant factors were: lack of social support, of physical space, of time, of motivation, of sports skills and of interest in physical activity, intolerance to activity, being retired, living in a low‐income country, laziness, not having a job/studying, low socioeconomic status and level of knowledge about physical activity, female gender, living in an urban area, negative self‐perception of health, using public transportation, being in the oldest age group in the study and perceived physical disability. Conclusion The new factors associated with a sedentary lifestyle and those already included in the NANDA International classification will lead to better clinical guidance for nurses. Impact Knowledge about these factors can contribute directly to public health policies.

Nursing diagnosis sedentary lifestyle in individuals with hypertension: an analysis of accuracy RESUmENObjetivo: Analizar la precisión de las características definidoras (CD) del diagnóstico de enfermería Estilo de Vida Sedentario (EVS) en personas con hipertensión arterial. Método: Estudio transversal desarrollado en un centro de referencia en la atención ambulatoria de personas con hipertensión arterial y diabetes, cuya muestra fue de 285 indivíduos. Se utilizó un formulario elaborado en base a definiciones operacionales construidas para cada CD del diagnóstico. El juicio clínico en cuanto a la presencia del EVS fue realizado por cuatro enfermeros entrenados para llevar a cabo la inferencia diagnóstica. Resultados: La prevalencia del EVS fue del 55,8%. Considerando las medidas de precisión, elige rutina diaria sin ejercicio físico fue la principal CD para el EVS, con sensibilidad del 100% y especificidad del 84,13%. El análisis de la regresión logística destacó dos CD: verbaliza preferencia por actividad con poco ejercicio físico y bajo desempeño en las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria. Conclusión: Los resultados permitieron identificar los mejores indicadores clínicos para el EVS en adultos hipertensos.

No abstract