While valley polarization with strong Zeeman splitting is the most prominent characteristic of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors under magnetic fields, enhancement of the Zeeman splitting has been demonstrated by incorporating magnetic dopants into the host materials. Unlike Fe, Mn, and Co, V is a distinctive dopant for ferromagnetic semiconducting properties at room temperature with large Zeeman shifting of band edges. Nevertheless, little known is the excitons interacting with spin-polarized carriers in V-doped TMDs. Here, we report anomalous circularly polarized photoluminescence (CPL) in a V-doped WSe2 monolayer at room temperature. Excitons couple to V-induced spin-polarized holes to generate spin-selective positive trions, leading to differences in the populations of neutral excitons and trions between left and right CPL. Using transient absorption spectroscopy, we elucidate the origin of excitons and trions that are inherently distinct for defect-mediated and impurity-mediated trions. Ferromagnetic characteristics are further confirmed by the significant Zeeman splitting of nanodiamonds deposited on the V-doped WSe2 monolayer.
High spin states in the nucleus lS4Er have been reinvestigated using the *23Sb(asc1, 4n) reaction and a variety of spectroscopic techniques including excitation functions, 7-7 coincidences, 7 angular distribution and linear polarization measurements. From the measured energies, relative intensities and transition multipolarities a new level scheme has been deduced up to an excitation energy of ~ 12 MeV and spin 36. An interpretation of the experimental results is given in terms of the deformed Woods-Saxon orbitals. Gigantic backbending (superdeformation) effect is studied theoretically within the cranking model.
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting plant productivity. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is moderately sensitive to saltaffected soils. In this study, Arabidopsis vacuolar
The thermostable esterase Est-Y29, belonging to the family VIII lipolytic esterase isolated 20 from metagenomes extracted from the topsoil in Republic of Korea, was identified as a 21 promising catalyst for the production of (S)-ketoprofen, an important nonsteroidal anti-22 inflammatory drug (NSAID). For industrial applications, the enantioselectivity of the enzyme towards the S-enantiomer of the racemic ketoprofen ester substrate needs to be improved. To 24 understand the structural basis of Est-Y29 enantioselectivity, which is necessary for the rational 25 design of an enzyme with enhanced enantioselectivity, we solved the crystal structures of Est-26 Y29 bound to (S)-ketoprofen at 1.69 Å resolution. Structural analyses revealed that the S-27 enantiomer can be stabilized by a -interaction between the methyl substituent at the chiral 28 carbon of the ligand and the aromatic pocket formed by Tyr123, Phe125, and Tyr170. This 29 finding is further supported by the highly improved enantioselectivity of the mutant Est-Y29 30 (F125W) toward (S)-ketoprofen due to the enhanced -interaction. Our results provide the 31 molecular basis of the enantioselectivity of Est-Y29 against (S)-ketoprofen and further offer 32 the opportunity for the rational design of enzyme enantioselectivity as well as potential 33 applications of the mutant Est-Y29 to industrial biocatalysts.
The reaction 32S+126Te has been used to determine the g-factor of the T~j2=35ns yrast isomeric state in 154Er through the time-differential spin-rotation method. The experimental value g = + 0.017 _+ 0.003 agrees with an aligned two-neutron v(i 13/2, h9/2) main configuration and supports an 11-spin-parity assignment for the isomeric state. Unambiguous spin-parity assignment for upper energy yrast states can be deduced. The properties of the isomeric state are discussed.
Soil salinity is a major limitation to legume production in many areas of the world. Identification of the genetic source of salt tolerance is critical in soybean breeding for improving soybean production in salt-affected regions. Vietnam has unique sources of soybean germplasm and varieties are grown in the area where exposure to salinity is frequent. However, there is little research on the identification of salt tolerant sources in the Vietnamese gene pool. The present study compared 18 Vietnamese soybean cultivars for their differences in salt tolerance. Under a range of NaCl stress from 0 to 200 mM NaCl, there was a large variation in salt tolerance among the 18 soybean lines evaluated. The soybean accession PI 675847 A (Vietnamese variety DT2008), was identified as a useful source of salt tolerance. During vegetative growth, PI 675847 A had lower leaf scorch scores, higher cell membrane stability, better photosynthesis and biomass accumulation under NaCl stress than the other 17 strains evaluated. In addition, PI 675847 A maintained better growth and seed yield in salt-affected soils compared with the sensitive lines. Analyses of ion contents in plant leaves under saline conditions showed that PI 675847 A was able to limit uptake and transport of Na+ and Cl−. Because of its higher productivity under saline conditions, PI 675847 A will be a useful germplasm source in soybean improvement programs for salt tolerance.
SdiA enhances cell division by regulating the ftsQAZ operon in Escherichia coli as a transcription activator. In addition, SdiA is suggested to play a role in detecting quorum signals that emanate from other species. It is therefore a homologue of LuxR, a cognate quorum-sensing receptor that recognizes a quorum signal and activates the quorum responses. To elucidate the role of SdiA and its functional and structural relationship to LuxR, structural studies were performed on E. coli SdiA. Recombinant SdiA was overexpressed, purified and crystallized at 287 K using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. X-ray diffraction data from a native crystal were collected with 99.7% completeness to 2.7 Å resolution with an R merge of 6.0%. The crystals belong to the hexagonal space group P6 1 22 or P6 5 22, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 130.47, c = 125.23 Å .
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