RESUMOEm solos construídos após mineração de carvão, a contaminação das camadas superficiais com pirita provoca intensa acidificação do solo, acelera a intemperização de minerais, eleva os teores de Al e Mn e aumenta a lixiviação de bases. O presente trabalho avaliou características químicas, teor de argila e mineralogia, bem como a variabilidade espacial para algumas dessas características em três áreas de solos construídos após mineração de carvão a céu aberto no município de Lauro Müller, Santa Catarina. As três áreas selecionadas apresentavam diferenças no modo de construção topográfico. A primeira, denominada Mina Juliana (MJ), foi construída em 1996, utilizando material (sólum, regolito argiloso e rocha) que foi separado e estocado antes da mineração, conforme previsto no plano de reabilitação. A segunda, denominada Mina do Apertado (MA), foi construída, em 1996, usando, como material de cobertura, o sólum proveniente do decapeamento de um morro adjacente à área. A terceira área, denominada Mina Rio do Meio (MRM), sofreu apenas construção topográfica em 1983, com mistura de resíduos de pirita de carvão e rochas de várias camadas. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em sistema de grade de pontos, em três profundidades, sendo analisados o pH em água, teores de Ca, Mg, K e Al trocáveis, H + Al e condutividade elétrica. Em amostras selecionadas, analisaramse alguns metais pesados e a mineralogia da fração argila. Análises efetuadas em dois perfis de solo representativos das condições anteriores à mineração foram utilizados, para comparação. Todas as áreas apresentaram grande dispersão de valores para características químicas e teor de argila dos solos entre os pontos amostrados. O processo de construção do solo que resultou em maior uniformidade destas características e melhores condições para o estabelecimento de espécies vegetais foi o da área MJ. O solo da área MA, graças

RESUMOO termo coeso é utilizado, no Brasil, para distinguir horizontes subsuperficiais de solos que apresentam consistência dura, muito dura ou extremamente dura, quando secos, e friável, quando úmidos. Solos australianos com características similares foram identificados como hardsetting. Muitos solos da África e de outras regiões semi-áridas podem ser caracterizados como hardsetting, segundo vários pesquisadores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a hipótese de que os solos com caráter coeso, identificados sobre os sedimentos do Terciário, na região nordeste do Brasil, apresentam propriedades morfológicas e físicas similares aos solos hardsetting. O estudo foi realizado em um Latossolo Amarelo Coeso, localizado em Cruz das Almas (BA), sob floresta secundária. Durante o período de secamento do solo, foram caracterizadas as mudanças morfológicas ocorrentes no perfil e, ainda, realizadas medidas da resistência do solo à penetração em horizontes: não-coeso (A1) e coeso (AB1). Os resultados indicaram que os parâmetros morfológicos e físicos do horizonte coeso foram similares àqueles utilizados para definir o comportamento hardsetting.Termos de indexação: solos coesos, solos hardsetting, parâmetros morfológicos, resistência do solo à penetração.(1) Recebido para publicação em agosto de 1999 e aprovado em outubro de 2000.

Soil columns were produced by filling PVC tubes with a Dark Red Latosol (Acrortox, 22% of clay). A compacted layer was established at the depth of 15 cm in the columns. In the compacted layer, soil was packed to 1.13, 1.32, 1.48, and 1.82 Mg kg -1 , resulting in cone resistances of 0.18, 0.43, 1.20, and 2.50 MPa. Cotton was cropped for 30 days. Lime was applied to raise base saturation to 40, 52, and 67%. The highest base saturation caused a decrease in phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in the plants. A decrease in root dry matter, length and surface area was also observed. This could be a consequence of lime induced Zn deficiency. Root growth was decreased in the compacted layer, and complete inhibition was noticed at 2.50 MPa. Once the roots got through the compacted layer, there was a growth recovery in the bottom layer of the pots. The increase in base saturation up 52% was effective in preventing a decrease in cotton root length at soil resistances to 1.20 MPa. Where the roots were shorter, there was an increase in nutrient uptake per unit of root surface area, which kept the plants well nourished, except for P.

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ABSTRACT.Final cotton quality is of great importance, and it depends on intrinsic and extrinsic fiber characteristics. The objective of this study was to estimate general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities for technological fiber traits among six upland cotton genotypes and their fifteen hybrid combinations, as well as to determine the effective genetic effects in controlling the traits evaluated. Patos, PB, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with three replications. Technological fiber traits evaluated were: length (mm); strength (gf/tex); fineness (Micronaire index); uniformity (%); short fiber index (%), and spinning index. The diallel analysis was carried out according to the methodology proposed by Griffing, using method II and model I. Significant differences were detected between the treatments and combining abilities (GCA and SCA), indicating the variability of the study material. There was a predominance of additive effects for the genetic control of all traits. TAM B 139-17 presented the best GCA estimates for all traits. The best combinations were: FM 993 x TAM B 139-17, CNPA 04-2080 x PSC 355, FM 993 x TAMCOT-CAMD-E, PSC 355 x TAM B 139-17, and TAM B 139-17 x TAMCOT-CAMD-E, by obtaining the best estimates of SCA, with one of the parents having favorable estimates for GCA.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to estimate the general-(GCA) and specific-combining ability (SCA) and obtain information on the genetic control of agronomic traits among six upland cotton genotypes and their hybrid combinations. In 2015, six cotton genotypes (FM 993, CNPA 04-2080, PSC 355, TAM B 139-17, IAC 26, and TAMCOT-CAMD-E), and fifteen hybrid combinations were evaluated at the Experimental Station of Embrapa Algodão. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with three replications. The characteristics evaluated were: the appearance of the first flower (AFF); the appearance of the first boll (AFB); plant height (PH); the weight of one boll (BW); lint percentage (LP); cotton seed yield (CSY); and cotton fiber yield (LY). Significant genetic variability was observed for all the traits studied, which is fundamental for the formation of populations that maximize genetic gains. Additive effects were predominant for AFF, AFB, PH, and LP. Non-additive effects were predominant for CSY, LY, and BW. Genotypes FM 993 and CNPA 04-2080 presented the highest GCA estimates for CSY, LP, and LY, as well as the highest means, being indicated for breeding programs that aim at the improvement of these traits. The best hybrid combinations were FM 993 x PSC 355, FM 993 x TAMCOT-CAMD-E, CNPA 04-2080 x TAM B 139-17, PSC 355 x IAC 26, and TAM B 139-17 x IAC 26, since they presented means associated with positive and high SCA estimates for CSY, LP, LY, and at least one of their parents presented high GCA.

The influence of fatty acid composition of the diets on the productive performance and on cold and heat tolerance of juvenile freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare), in three different phases, was studied. Phase I studied the productive performance of freshwater angelfish in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments, canola, linseed, olive and soybean oils and four replicates during 50 days using 192 fish in 16 aquaria. Phase II studied the cold tolerance of juvenile freshwater angelfish using 72 juvenile freshwater angelfish, coming from phase I and maintained in 12 aquaria climatized chamber. The temperature was reduced 1 °C per day, until the observation of 100% fish mortality. Phase III, it was studied the heat tolerance of juvenile freshwater angelfish employing an identical procedure to phase II, but with a daily increase of 1°C. Significant differences (P>0.05) were not observed for any parameters evaluated. Thus, it was concluded that the type of vegetable oil (canola, linseed, olive and soybean) used as a diet supplement did not affect the productive performance, nor the tolerance to cold and heat, of juvenile freshwater angelfish.