Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as relações entre os caracteres tecnológicos (variáveis independentes explicativas) e a produtividade de fibra do algodão (variável dependente) e identificar seus efeitos diretos e indiretos pela análise de trilha. Os caracteres tecnológicos foram: finura, resistência, comprimento, uniformidade de comprimento, alongamento e índice de fiabilidade do fio. Avaliaram-se 12 cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo, no Estado do Mato Grosso, no ano agrícola 2000/2001. Estimaram-se as correlações, e fez-se a análise de trilha pelo método proposto por Wright. O caráter finura apresenta o maior efeito direto sobre a produtividade da fibra. A resistência, o comprimento e o alongamento têm efeito secundário. A uniformidade de comprimento e a fiabilidade apresentaram efeito indireto via finura. Um esquema de seleção restrito é necessário, para se eliminarem os efeitos indiretos negativos do índice de fiabilidade sobre a finura.Termos para indexação: Gossypium hirsutum, seleção, finura. Correlations and path analysis of technological properties and the lint yield of cottonAbstract -The purpose of this work was to study the relations between technological properties (independent variables) and the lint yield of cotton (dependent variable). The technological properties analyze were: micronaire, strength, length, uniformity of length, elongation and index of thread spinning. Twelve cotton cultivars were evaluated, in Mato Grosso State, during the 2000/2001 crop season. Correlations and other parameters for path analysis were estimated, according to Wright. The trait micronaire showed the highest direct effect on lint yield; in addition, strength, length and elongation were secondary effects. The uniformity of length and the spinning inder showed indirect effect on micronaire. A restricted selection is necessary to eliminate the negative indirect effect of the spinning index on micronaire.

MELHORAMENTO GENÉTICO VEGETAL -ArtigoUso da metodologia REML/BLUP para seleção de genótipos de algodoeiro com maior adaptabilidade e estabilidade produtiva Use of REML/BLUP methodology for selecting cotton genotypes with higher adaptability and productive stability those tested, since they present high adaptability and productive stability of cotton. There was agreement among the statistics used in discrimination of the most productive genotypes with high adaptability and stability, indicating that they can be part of selective criteria in the routine of cotton breeding programs.

ABSTRACT. Seed cotton yield is a trait governed by multiple genes that cause changes in the performance of genotypes depending on the cultivation environment. Breeding programs examine the genotype x environment interaction (GE) using precise statistical methods, such as AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) and GGE biplot (genotype main effects + genotype x environment interaction). The AMMI method combines the analysis of variance and principal components, to adjust the main effects (genotypes and environments) and the effects of GE interaction, respectively. The GGE biplot groups the genotype additive effect together with the multiplicative effect of the GE interaction, and submits both of these to the principal components analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the AMMI and GGE biplot methods and select cotton genotypes that simultaneously showed high productivity of seed cotton and stability in Mato Grosso environments. cotton productivity were analyzed by AMMI and GGE biplot methods. Both methods were concordant in the discrimination of environments and genotypes for phenotypic stability. The genotypes BRS ARAÇÁ and LD 05 CV had high seed cotton productivity and phenotypic stability, and could be grown in all environments across Mato Grosso State.

RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade, o rendimento e a qualidade de fibras de cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo submetidas a diferentes lâminas de irrigação. Durante dois anos consecutivos foi conduzido um experimento de campo na região de Apodi (RN) disposto em parcelas subdivididas com quatro lâminas de irrigação (130, 100, 70 e 40% da evapotranspiração da cultura -ETc) e quatro cultivares de algodoeiro (FiberMax 993, BRS 286, BRS 336 e BRS 335), em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas a produtividade, a percentagem e a qualidade das fibras do algodoeiro. Houve diferença significativa para as características avaliadas entre as cultivares e as lâminas de irrigação. A rega com déficit (70 e 40% ETc) ocasionou declínio na produtividade de algodão em caroço, na percentagem e qualidade das fibras. As cultivares FiberMax 993 e BRS 286 apresentaram as maiores produtividades e percentagem de fibras entre as cultivares avaliadas. Com a lâmina de 40% da ETc as cultivares de fibra média (FiberMax 993, BRS 286 e BRS 335) apresentaram fibras curtas, e a cultivar de fibra longa (BRS 336) apresentou fibra média. De forma geral, a redução na qualidade da fibra não foi severa, haja vista a fibra produzida está dentro da faixa de qualidade aceitável pela indústria têxtil nacional, mesmo em condições de déficit hídrico. Dessa forma, a decisão em irrigar o algodoeiro com ou sem déficit hídrico dependerá dos custos da irrigação e do valor de mercado do produto.Palavras-chave: Déficit hídrico. Algodão. Semiárido. EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON YIELD AND FIBER QUALITY IN COTTON CULTIVARSABSTRACT -This study was conducted to evaluate seed cotton yield, fiber yield, and fiber quality traits of cotton cultivars grown under different irrigation levels in Brazil. The experiment was conducted over two years in the region of Apodi -RN, with sprinkler irrigation. Treatments comprised of 4 irrigation levels i.e., 130, 100, 70 and 40 % of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and 4 cotton cultivars i.e., FiberMax 993, BRS 286, BRS 336 and BRS 335. The experimental design was factorial with randomized complete block design and four replicates. Yield, lint percent and fiber quality traits determined were evaluated. Different responses were observed for cultivars at various irrigation levels. Cultivars grown under limited irrigation exhibited a decline in the seed cotton yield, lint percent, and fiber quality. Cultivars with the highest yield and lint percent were FiberMax 993 and BRS 286. Within irrigation level of 40 % ETc, the medium fiber cultivars produced short fibers whereas the long fiber cultivar, BRS 336, produced medium fiber length. Overall, the different levels of water deficits did not significantly affect fiber quality of the four cultivars tested as all fiber quality traits remained acceptable for the domestic textile industry.

ABSTRACT. To date, path analysis has been used with the aim of breeding different cultures. However, for cotton, there have been few studies using this analysis, and all of these have used fiber productivity as the primary dependent variable. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify agronomic and technological properties that can be used as criteria for direct and indirect phenotypes in selecting cotton genotypes with better fibers. We evaluated 16 upland cotton genotypes in eight trials conducted during the harvest 2008/2009 in the State of Mato Grosso, using a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated traits were: plant height, average boll weight, percentage of fiber, cotton seed yield, fiber length, uniformity of fiber, short fiber index, fiber strength, elongation, maturity of the fibers, micronaire, reflectance, and the degree of yellowing. Phenotypic correlations between the traits and cotton fiber yield (main dependent variable) 2 F.J.C. Farias et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (3): gmr.15038239 were unfolded in direct and indirect effects through path analysis. Fiber strength, uniformity of fiber, and reflectance were found to influence fiber length, and therefore, these traits are recommended for both direct and indirect selection of cotton genotypes.

Comparison of methods for the evaluation of adaptability and stability for yield in cotton genotypesAbstract -The objective of this work was to compare different methods used to estimate adaptability and stability of 17 cotton genotypes evaluated in 23 locations of the Brazilian savannah. Genotype and environment effects and genotype x environment interaction were significant. According to ecovalence and AMMI models, cultivar BRS Cedro showed the best stability. Varieties Delta Penta and BRS Ipê were among the most unstable genotypes, but not among the most productive. Using the methods of Eberhart & Russel, Lin & Binns and Annicchiarico, genotypes BRS 269 -Buriti, FMT 701 and CNPA GO 2001-999 were the most stable and among the five most productive on average. The evaluation of the specific adaptabilities provided by the AMMI analysis is of great importance in the study of the behavior of genotypes. The amount of information generated and the facilities of interpretation favors Lin & Binns method, which can be complemented by an AMMI analysis.Index terms: Gossypium hirsutum, AMMI analysis, assesment of cultivars, ecovalence, genotype x environment interaction. IntroduçãoNo Brasil, o algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsuntum L.) é cultivado em toda a faixa tropical, e a região do Cerrado se destaca tanto em área cultivada quanto em produtividade. Contudo, dada a extensão dessa região, condições diferentes de clima e solo são encontradas e, portanto, é esperada ausência de comportamento consistente de genótipos nos diversos ambientes.A identificação de cultivares com maior estabilidade fenotípica é uma das estratégias para amenizar o efeito da interação genótipos x ambientes (GxA).A metodologia denominada de ecovalência, proposta por Wricke, citado por Cruz & Regazzi (1997), decompõe a soma de quadrado da interação em partes atribuídas a cada genótipo, e considera como mais estável o genótipo que apresente menor estimativa para a ecovalência. Ramalho et al.(1993) comentam que a ecovalência é

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The performance of textile processes and the quality of the products depends on the several cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber quality traits, such as micronaire index, fiber length, and fiber strength. This research aims to recommend cotton genotypes for the Brazilian Cerrado based on fiber yield and fiber quality traits. Nineteen cotton cultivar variety trials were performed in the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 crop seasons. Each trial was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and four replications. The evaluated traits were fiber yield, fiber length, fiber strength, and micronaire. For each trait, a modified Lin and Binns method was used to recommend the best genotypes for all environments (favorable and unfavorable). This method was also used in a multivariate manner, aiming at a general recommendation of genotypes based on the multiple traits evaluated. The genotype × environment interaction was significant for all evaluated traits. Genotypes with high adaptability and stability were identified for each trait. The multivariate method identified IMA 08 WS and BRS 335 as the genotypes that had the best combination of main desirable traits. The analysis further revealed that new crosses could be performed between genotypes with high yield adaptability and stability and genotypes with adequate fiber quality traits.