Abstract:The article presents the results of the dendrogeomorphological study of the activity of the Sawicki landslide, located in the Beskid Niski Mts (Polish Flysch Carpathians). The study was conducted within two study sites in the lower part of the landslide. The landslide movements were dated using the dendrogeomorphological method, basing on the eccentricity indicators calculated for the two coniferous species, i.e. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver fir (Abies alba). It was found landslide activity in years: 1899, 1901, 1905, 1910, 1913-1914, 1920-1921, 1929-1931, 1935, 1937, 1945, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1984-1985, 1990, 1992-1993, 1997, 2003-2004, 2006, 2010-2012. The greatest activity was characterized for the northern part of the study site B and the south-western slopes of the Szklarki stream valley (study site A). Studies have shown only a partial dependence between precipitation and landslide episodes. The data were confronted with the results of dendrogeomorphological studies, conducted in the northern and central parts of the landslide. The results demonstrate the significant complexity of mass movements within large-area landslide.
Extremely high precipitation is characteristic of the frontal zone of the Himalaya. In this article we study tributaries which supply huge sediment loads to the Teesta river in the Darjeeling Himalaya, India and significantly affect transportation regime downstream the junction of the Great Rangit with the main river. The material supply is also conditioned by 70-80% deforestation of the catchment. Will the deepening of the Teesta river and its tributaries follow tectonic movements? Or will the Teesta follow smaller streams that drain the fringe of the Himalaya, and then will the huge foreland cones penetrate the mountain interiors? These questions are important, especially in the context of construction of dams and water reservoirs along the Teesta river and its tributaries.
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