The paper discusses the issue of the admixtures’ effect on results of granulometric composition determinations by Casagrande’s areometric method in modification by Prószyński. An experiment was conducted involving preparation of samples with known granulometric composition and determination of their composition by means of the aerometric method. Three types of samples were prepared: base (control), containing organic matter, and containing carbonates. Results of the determinations showed a considerable effect of the admixture of organic matter and calcium carbonate on the accordance of determinations, depending on their percent content. The study results also confirmed known dependencies of disturbances in proportions between the sandy and silty-clayey fraction. A practical conclusion from the research is the determination of the threshold of the organic matter and carbonates percent content at which the determination should be absolutely preceded by processes of mineralisation and decalcification.
the aim of this article is to establish how land use change influences soil organic matter content in the loess landscape. the research was conducted near Krasnystaw in the lublin upland, in forest, on arable land and on abandoned lands at various stages of secondary succession. During the field research, samples were collected from the upper soil layer and analyzed for organic carbon content, fractional composition of humus compounds and soil reaction. the results obtained indicate that the impact of land use change manifests itself in a change of the soil reaction, which turns from neutral or slightly acid into acid. the tillage system reduces organic matter in the soil and increases the humic acids ratio, whereas abandonment of the land causes an evident increase in the soil's organic matter content and the fulvic acids ratio. these results allow us to state that land use change has a rapid impact on the geochemical properties of the landscape (which can be noticed as soon as 5 years after the land is abandoned).
The tundra biome is considered as sensitive to the climate change. Observed climate changes contributes to the significant transformation of landscape functioning. The aim of the study was to analyze selected climate condition and their impact on vegetation and soil cover in the tundra biome of the northern hemisphere. The increase in annual temperature and humidity contributes to the colonization of new areas by tundra vegetation and an increase in the thickness of active layer in the soil.
The Łowicz-Błonie Plain is a flat and monotonous part of the late-glacial landscape. The parent material is dominated by loam, silt and clay covered with sand of various thickness. The main aim of the study was to indicate the natural and anthropogenic determinants of the fertile plain landscape’s functions, which has been intensively used for agriculture. Natural environmental conditions are determined by the vicinity of contrasting in humidity and trophism areas. The current state of the natural environment is the result of both the natural basis and anthropogenic transformations. The biggest changes in expanding the possibilities of using the trophic potential are related to artificial water drainage system.
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