Graphene nanomaterials have been
considered as a novel class of
nanomaterials that show exceptional structural, optical, thermal,
electrical, and mechanical properties. As a consequence, it has been
extensively studied in various fields including electronics, energy,
catalysis, sensing, and biomedical fields. In the previous couple
of years, a significant number of studies have been done on graphene-based
nanomaterials, where it is utilized in a wide range of bioapplications
that includes delivery of small molecule drugs/genes, biosensing,
tissue engineering, bioimaging, and photothermal and photodynamic
therapies because of its excellent aqueous processability, surface
functionalizability, outstanding electrical and mechanical properties,
tunable fluorescence properties, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering
(SERS).Therefore, it is necessary to get detailed knowledge about
it. In this review, we will highlight the various synthesis procedures
of graphene family nanomaterials including graphene oxide (GO), reduced
graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as well as
their biomedical applications. We will also highlight the biocompatibity
of graphene nanomaterials as well as its possible risk factors for
bioapplications. In conclusion, we will outline the future perspective
and current challenges of graphene nanomaterials for clinical applications.
In the current era of globalization, plastics are an indispensable part of our daily life; from morning toothbrush to night dinner table, plastics are everywhere in our daily life. In...
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