Calcium dobesilate (CaD) is used for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. This agent exerts antioxidant effects. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of oral administration of CaD against hepatorenal damages in a mice model of aging induced by D-galactose (Dgal). We used 28 male albino mice, which equally and randomly were divided into four groups as follows: intact, aging (D-gal at the dose of 500 mg/kg, p.o.), aging + CaD 50 (D-gal plus CaD at the dose of 50 mg/kg), and aging + CaD 100 (D-gal plus CaD at the dose of 100 mg/kg, p.o.). All drugs were administered orally once a day for 42 days. The liver and kidney damages were evaluated by measuring mass indices, levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and activities of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase and by histopathological evaluation. Moreover, hepatic and renal tissue oxidant/ antioxidant markers (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were measured. The results showed that D-gal treatment induced significant oxidative stress in the kidney and liver that was paralleled by dysfunctions and histological alterations of these organs. CaD significantly improved the liver and kidney indices, implemented functional capacity of the liver and kidney, as well as decreased oxidative stress
Background: Tolerance and dependence to anti-nociceptive effect of morphine restricted its use. Nowadays coadministration of morphine and other drugs suggests diminishing this tolerance. Baclofen is one of the drugs that may be beneficial in the attenuation of tolerance to morphine. Studies have shown that changes in TRPV-1 expression during administration of morphine have a pivotal role in developing morphine tolerance. Therefore, the effect of baclofen on TRPV-1 expression during chronic administration of morphine was investigated in this study. Methods: A total of 48 rats were divided into four groups of control, morphine single injection, morphine tolerance, and morphine tolerance + baclofen. To induce morphine tolerance in rats, animals received 10 mg/kg of i.p. morphine sulfate once a day for 10 days. In the treatment group, baclofen (0.5 mg/kg) was injected for 10 days, before morphine injection. Finally, to evaluate baclofen treatment on morphine analgesia and hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia and formalin test were used. TRPV-1 and PKC expression and protein production in DRG of spinal cord were then evaluated by real-time PCR and Western blot. Results: In baclofen treatment group, thermal hyperalgesia and formalin test improved in comparison with morphine tolerance group. In morphine tolerance group, both TRPV-1/PKC gene expression and protein levels increased in comparison with the control group. However, following the baclofen treatment, the TRPV-1 and PKC levels decreased. Conclusion: Baclofen can enhance anti-nociceptive effect of morphine by modulating TRPV-1 channel and PKC activity.
Background and aims:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive process that leading to major clinical problems in patients. There is no highly effective treatment for these patients and therapists only try to relieve the symptoms. But, there are interventions such as self-management program for improvement of health level in patients. 5A model, known as behavior change counseling model is an evidence-based approach for behavior change and self-management. Thus this study was performed to investigate the effects of self-management program based on 5A model on some of clinical parameters in COPD patients.Methods:this clinical trial was performed on 50 COPD patients that referred to Apadana sub-special clinic in Ahvaz. Patients were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. The control group received usual care and the intervention group received usual care plus a self-management program based on the 5A model (includes: Assess Advise, Agree, Assist and Arrange stage). Patients were assessed by six-minute walking test and the Borg scale for exercise tolerance level and dyspnea severity at baseline and after 3 months. Chi-square and t-test in the SPSS software were used to data analysis.Results:There was no significant difference between the groups in exercise tolerance at base line; but, they were significantly different at the end of 3 months (P=0.007). In addition, a significant reduction was found in patients' dyspnea in the intervention group, compared with the control group after 3 months (P<0.0001).Conclusion:with attention to effectiveness of self-management program based on 5A model on increase of exercise tolerance and decrease of dyspnea in COPD patients, use of this program is recommended as benefit method for decline major difficult of disease without spend cost for frequent refer to medical center.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.