The Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) chromatin remodeling complex, comprised of two subunits, SSRP1 and SPT16, is involved in transcription, replication and DNA repair. We recently showed that curaxins, small molecules with anti-cancer activity, target FACT and kill tumor cells in a FACT-dependent manner. We also found that FACT is overexpressed in human and mouse tumors and that tumor cells are sensitive to FACT downregulation. To clarify the clinical potential of FACT inhibition, we were interested in physiological role(s) of FACT in multicellular organisms. We analyzed SSRP1 and SPT16 expression in different cells, tissues and conditions using Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of mouse and human tissues and analysis of publically available high-content gene expression datasets. Both approaches demonstrated coordinated expression of the two FACT subunits, which was primarily associated with the stage of cellular differentiation. Most cells of adult tissues do not have detectable protein level of FACT. High FACT expression was associated with stem or less-differentiated cells, while low FACT levels were seen in more differentiated cells. Experimental manipulation of cell differentiation and proliferation in vitro, as well as tissue staining for the Ki67 proliferation marker, showed that FACT expression is related more to differentiation than to proliferation. Thus, FACT may be part of a stem cell-like gene expression signature and play a role in maintaining cells in an undifferentiated state, which is consistent with its potential role as an anti-cancer target.
4sonal, civic, social development, and/or employment-related perspective" [3]. Implementation of the new law of Ukraine "On education" also provides for the creation of conditions for lifelong learning.Formation of openness of continuing education directs educational institutions to adapt to the requirements of practice by creating a learning environment and increasing skills of working professionals and guest students [4]. Thus, the role of individual learning increases [5]. The students and groups of students with different levels of education and training have different levels of motivation and attitude to education, varied experience. To resolve this contradiction, new departments, centers, programs and special training should be created for high-quality educational services with training. The openness of educational institutions and educational systems is realized through the educational and scientific programs and training different in content and focus.Development of theoretical foundations of a new paradigm of "lifelong learning" -education throughout the life is an important area of research because the constant training ensures the effective work of the staff of organizations and enterprises.
Keywords: project management, discrete states, homogeneity, Markov chains, labeled graph, the transition probabilities.Введение. Моделирование является основным инструментом исследований во всех областях знаний и научно обоснованным методом оценок изменения характеристик сложных систем в раз-личных сферах проектной деятельности [1]. Для принятия решений по управлению тем или иным объектом необходимо учитывать структуру объекта, а также характеристики взаимодействия со-ставных частей между собой и внешней средой. Как известно, проекты отличаются огромным разнообразием и уникальностью. При этом в слабо структурированных проектных системах множество элементов и связей формируют сложные причинно-следственные последовательности состояний, которые могут изменяться во времени в зависимости от структуры системы и факто-ров окружения [2]. Построение детерминированных моделей для подобных систем невозможно из-за стохастического характера процессов. Поэтому описание проектов часто удается осущест-вить только в форме качественных моделей. Вместе с тем, применение цепей Маркова позволяет перейти к количественным оценкам хода и результатов проектов [3]. Из-за простоты математиче-Праці Одеського політехнічного університету, 2013. Вип. 3(42)
Показано, що ремонт і відновлення будівельних конструкцій практично завжди є реінжинірингом, що володіє унікальністю і виконується в умовах суттєвих обмежень на ресурси по всіх функціональних областях. Все це робить подібний вид діяльності, по визначенню, проектом. Запропоновано метод управління проектом реінжинірингу з обмежень. Метод випробуваний в реальній проектній діяльності з позитивним техніко-економічним ефектом. Ключові слова: реінжиніринг в будівництві, управління проектом, обмеження на ресурси, функціональні області.
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