The article presents a comparative analysis of the flow and utilisation of biodegradable polymer waste in relation to the waste of petroleum-based thermoplastic polymers. It compares energy expenditures and the costs of the reutilisation of both types of plastics in industrial applications. The performed studies and an analysis of the yielded results enabled the acquisition of real data involving the subject of managing petroleum-based plastic waste after the end of its life cycle, as well as biodegradable plastic waste, over the recent years, which is the main purpose of the study. So far, this subject has not been analysed very frequently, and, considering climate change, the predatory economy and the growing population of our planet, it is becoming an important topic, within the scope of which it is necessary to develop a new approach and new solutions regarding legal regulations and social awareness, as well as the technological possibilities of their implementation. The authors’ own research will indicate factual results related to managing various types of waste, based on the example of data acquired from a company involved in the retreatment of plastics and give answers to bothering questions such as: Is there an impact of retreatment on technological indicators defined by means of the mass flow rate? Is the retreatment of biodegradable plastics justified in terms of economy, energy and ecology? Is the retreatment of biodegradable plastics efficient?
Abstract:The article discusses the impact of employee training on the motivation of employees to the work in industrial enterprises in the SME sector. Both theoretical and empirical analysis of the research goal, which is the assessment of the impact of training on the motivation process of employees, was made. For this purpose, research material was collected from domestic and foreign literature, as well as a survey of 54 employees in various SME companies, whit using a questionnaire. The conducted research and their analysis showed the existence of a strong link between internal training in the surveyed companies and the motivation of employees to the work.
In today’s competitive market, these companies or organizations that take care of their employees and put them on the development and improvement of qualifications will be successful. This is due to the fact that the role of the organization is to provide development opportunities for their employees to deepen their knowledge and skills on a regular basis. In human capital management, trainings are a set of activities that empower employees to acquire new skills and qualifications. The main aim of the study was to determine the impact of trainings on employee development in the banks departments in the city of Czestochowa. Based on the obtained results of the research, it can be stated that in the opinion of employees, both managerial and first-line position, trainings have an important influence on three separate factors: the increase of ability to perform assigned tasks in a shorter time, the increase of work efficiency, and the increase of employees satisfaction. Furthermore, the conducted research proved that the participation of employees in trainings has a fundamental impact on their professional development path.
The objective of the article is to identify the approaches presented in the subject literature on the possibilities of social media marketing used by companies in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic to manage their brand and image. As a research method the review of the national and world scientific literature was adopted, concerning the use of social media (in terms of: (1) the role of social media in supporting corporate brand and image management, (2) behavior and trust of customers using social media during the COVID-19 pandemic, (3) the use of social media during the COVID-19 pandemic and their opportunities – the table study 1) as well as Internet sources and Internet data statistics were utilized, primarily the reports which were used to obtain the answer to the formulated research question: what changes have taken place during the pandemic in using social media in corporate brand and image management? It was indicated what social media are most frequently used by marketers in image management, what opportunities they provide and whether, in the face of the existing pandemic situation, changes in company budgets can be expected in relation to the allocation of funds for e-marketing activities and what forecasts for corporate brand and image management in the online world are.
The article discusses the issue of the importance of organizational culture for business development of family businesses. In connection with the above, there will be presented the essence and types of organizational culture, leading to the entrepreneurial attitudes of all members of family business. The theoretical part of the article is supported by empirical research, carried out in a selected group of family businesses in various industries in Czestochowa
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