A catalytic oxidative addition of sulfoximines to naphthoquinones via its C-H functionalization has been achieved using iron catalytic system, which exhibits good reactivity and high regioselectivity in presence of visible...
Stress granules (SGs) are assemblies of selective messenger RNAs (mRNAs), translation factors, and RNA-binding proteins in small untranslated messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes in the cytoplasm. Evidence indicates that different types of cells have shown different mechanisms to respond to stress and the formation of SGs. In the present work, we investigated how human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs/IMR90-1) overcome hyperosmotic stress compared to a cell line that does not harbor pluripotent characteristics (SH-SY5Y cell line). Gradient concentrations of NaCl showed a different pattern of SG formation between hiPSCs/IMR90-1 and the nonpluripotent cell line SH-SY5Y. Other pluripotent stem cell lines (hiPSCs/CRTD5 and hESCs/H9 (human embryonic stem cell line)) as well as nonpluripotent cell lines (BHK-21 and MCF-7) were used to confirm this phenomenon. Moreover, the formation of hyperosmotic SGs in hiPSCs/IMR90-1 was independent of eIF2α phosphorylation and was associated with low apoptosis levels. In addition, a comprehensive proteomics analysis was performed to identify proteins involved in regulating this specific pattern of hyperosmotic SG formation in hiPSCs/IMR90-1. We found possible implications of microtubule organization on the response to hyperosmotic stress in hiPSCs/IMR90-1. We have also unveiled a reduced expression of tubulin that may protect cells against hyperosmolarity stress while inhibiting SG formation without affecting stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency. Our observations may provide a possible cellular mechanism to better understand SG dynamics in pluripotent stem cells.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran edmodo terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di SMK Negeri 2 Pangkep. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini Siswa Kelas X di SMKN 2 Pangkep, yakni sebanyak 479 orang siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas X SMKN 2 Pangkep terdiri dari 3 Kelas yaitu X TKR 1, X TKR 2 dan X TKR 3 sebanyak 83 orang siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan probability sampling, adapun metoda yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Simple random sampling dikatakan sederhana karena pengambilan anggota sampel dari populasi dilakukan secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata yang ada dalam populasi itu.Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pembelajaran edmodo sedangkan variable terikatnya adalah motivasi belajar siswa. Metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode survey, di mana untuk mendapatkan data berasal dari tempat tertentu yang alamiah (bukan buatan), tetapi peneliti melakukan perlakuan pengumpulan data.Hipotesis diformulasikan dan di uji menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran edmodo terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas X Teknik di SMK Negeri 2 Pangkep Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan.
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